neuter plural of the superlative of an apparently primary adverb (very); (adverbially) most (in the greatest degree) or particularly:--chiefly, most of all, (e-)specially.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **málista**, represented by `{{G3122}}`, functions as a superlative adverb meaning "most" in the greatest degree or "particularly." It is often translated as **chiefly**, **most of all**, or **especially**. Appearing **12 times** across **12 unique verses** in the Bible, it serves to add emphasis, clarify a priority, or single out a specific person, group, or object from a larger context.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical text, `{{G3122}}` is used to establish priorities and draw focus. Paul employs it to define the believer's responsibilities, instructing them to do good to all people but **especially** to the household of faith [[Galatians 6:10]]. This same emphasis is seen in his warning that failing to provide for one's family, and **specially** for one's own house, is a denial of the faith [[1 Timothy 5:8]]. The term is also used to identify specific groups, such as the warning against unruly and vain talkers, **specially** those of the circumcision [[Titus 1:10]]. In a moment of deep emotion, the Ephesian elders sorrowed **most of all** over Paul's words that they would not see him again [[Acts 20:38]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words are clarified by their connection to `{{G3122}}`:
* `{{G3609}}` **oikeîos** (household): This term, meaning a relative or adherent, is highlighted by **málista** to designate the primary circle of a believer's responsibility, both within the family and the community of faith [[1 Timothy 5:8]].
* `{{G1319}}` **didaskalía** (doctrine): Used for instruction or teaching, this word is paired with **málista** to give special honor to elders who not only rule well but also **labour** in the word and **doctrine** [[1 Timothy 5:17]].
* `{{G4103}}` **pistós** (those that believe): God is described as the Saviour of all men, but **málista** is used to specify that this role applies **specially** to **those that believe**, distinguishing the universal offer from its particular application to the faithful [[1 Timothy 4:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3122}}` is found in its power to refine and prioritize key concepts.
* **Prioritization of Duty:** The word establishes a clear order of responsibility. While love and good works are for all, there is a special, intensified duty toward fellow believers and one's own **household** ([[Galatians 6:10]], [[1 Timothy 5:8]]).
* **Emphasis on Key Functions:** It draws specific attention to vital roles and actions within the church. The instruction to give double honor **especially** to those who labor in word and **doctrine** `{{G1319}}` underscores the supreme value placed on sound teaching [[1 Timothy 5:17]].
* **Clarification of Salvation's Scope:** `{{G3122}}` provides critical nuance to soteriology. It affirms God as the **Saviour** `{{G4990}}` of all humanity, while simultaneously clarifying that this salvation is applied **specially** to believers, highlighting the role of **faith** `{{G4102}}` in its reception [[1 Timothy 4:10]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3122}}` is a precise adverbial tool that adds a crucial layer of emphasis and distinction. It moves beyond a general statement to specify what is of chief importance or particular focus. Whether highlighting the priority of caring for the household of faith, honoring the work of teaching elders, or clarifying the relationship between God's universal offer of salvation and its specific effect on believers, **málista** guides the reader to a more focused and ordered understanding of Christian doctrine and practice.
TRV