### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **kataphiléō**, represented by `{{G2705}}`, means **to kiss earnestly**. This term, formed from words meaning "down" or "intensely" and "to love," describes a fervent or repeated kiss. It appears **6 times** across **6 unique verses**, always highlighting a moment of profound emotion.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G2705}}` is used in several emotionally charged contexts. It captures the essence of forgiveness and reconciliation when the father **kisses** his prodigal son upon his return [[Luke 15:20]]. It conveys deep adoration and repentance when the weeping woman **kisses** Jesus's feet [[Luke 7:38]], an act Jesus contrasts with the host's failure to provide even a simple kiss [[Luke 7:45]]. The word also expresses heartfelt sorrow, as when the Ephesian elders **kissed** Paul goodbye [[Acts 20:37]]. Most infamously, it is used for the act of betrayal, when Judas **kissed** Jesus to identify him for arrest ([[Matthew 26:49]], [[Mark 14:45]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help frame the contexts where this earnest kiss appears:
* `{{G1968}}` **epipíptō** (to embrace): This verb, meaning to fall upon, is often paired with the earnest kiss to show a complete, physical expression of emotion, as when the father "fell on his neck" [[Luke 15:20]] or the elders "fell on Paul's neck" [[Acts 20:37]].
* `{{G4697}}` **splanchnízomai** (feel sympathy, to pity): This word describes the deep, internal feeling of compassion that precedes the outward action. The father **had compassion** before he ran to and kissed his son [[Luke 15:20]].
* `{{G2799}}` **klaíō** (to sob, i.e. wail aloud): This term for audible weeping often accompanies acts of deep emotion. The woman was **weeping** as she began to wash and kiss Jesus' feet [[Luke 7:38]].
* `{{G5370}}` **phílēma** (a kiss): This is the standard noun for a kiss. Jesus uses it to highlight the significance of the woman's actions by noting that while his host gave him no **kiss**, she had not ceased to **kiss** his feet [[Luke 7:45]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{G2705}}` is found in the intensity it adds to a scene:
* **Reconciliation and Unconditional Love:** In the parable of the prodigal son, the father's earnest kiss is the definitive sign that the son is fully forgiven and restored to his position in the family, demonstrating a love that goes far beyond mere duty [[Luke 15:20]].
* **Profound Adoration:** The woman's persistent kissing of Jesus’ feet is an act of humble worship and gratitude, which Jesus explicitly points out as a sign of her great love [[Luke 7:45]].
* **The Depravity of Betrayal:** The use of such an affectionate term for Judas's action makes his betrayal all the more chilling. He weaponized a sign of deep friendship and respect to commit his treacherous act [[Matthew 26:49]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2705}}` is not a word for a casual greeting. It is reserved for moments of overwhelming feeling, whether it be the joy of forgiveness, the sorrow of parting, the depth of worship, or the horror of betrayal. The use of **kataphiléō** signals to the reader that a critical, emotionally potent event is taking place, transforming a simple action into a profound statement.
TRV