### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **katalaléō**, represented by `{{G2635}}`, means **to be a traducer, i.e. to slander**. It appears **6 times** in **3 unique verses** in the Bible. This term specifically refers to the act of speaking against or speaking evil of someone.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G2635}}` is used to describe malicious speech directed at others. The Apostle Peter uses the term to describe how believers may be slandered by outsiders, who **speak against** them as **evildoers** [[1 Peter 2:12]]. In a similar context, he advises believers that having a good conscience can put to shame those who **speak evil** of their good **conversation** `{{G391}}` in Christ [[1 Peter 3:16]]. James issues a direct command against this behavior within the church, stating, "**Speak** not **evil** one of another, brethren" [[James 4:11]]. He equates slandering a brother with judging the law itself.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the context and meaning of `{{G2635}}`:
* `{{G2919}}` **krínō** (properly, to distinguish, i.e. decide (mentally or judicially); by implication, to try, condemn, punish): In [[James 4:11]], speaking evil of a brother is directly linked to the act of judging him, and by extension, judging the law.
* `{{G2555}}` **kakopoiós** (a bad-doer; (specially), a criminal): This is the label applied to believers who are slandered. They are spoken against "as **evildoers**" ([[1 Peter 2:12]], [[1 Peter 3:16]]).
* `{{G1908}}` **epēreázō** (to insult, slander): This term is used alongside `{{G2635}}` to describe the actions of accusers, who "**falsely accuse** your good conversation in Christ" [[1 Peter 3:16]].
### Theological Significance
The use of `{{G2635}}` carries significant theological weight, particularly regarding conduct within the community of faith and as a witness to the world.
* **Prohibition of Internal Slander:** James forbids believers from speaking evil of one another, framing it as an act of judging the law itself. This elevates the sin from a personal offense to a challenge against divine standards, placing the slanderer in the position of a **judge** `{{G2923}}` rather than a doer of the law [[James 4:11]].
* **Witness Through Good Conduct:** In the face of slander from outsiders, the prescribed response is not verbal defense but an "honest **conversation**" `{{G391}}` and good works. This righteous living is intended to silence accusations and ultimately lead those who **speak against** believers to glorify God on the day of **visitation** `{{G1984}}` [[1 Peter 2:12]].
* **Responding to False Accusation:** Believers are instructed to **have** `{{G2192}}` a good conscience so that when they are spoken of as **evildoers** `{{G2555}}`, their accusers will be ashamed. The defense against slander is a life that proves the accusations false [[1 Peter 3:16]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2635}}` defines the act of slander or being a traducer. While it appears infrequently, its usage is impactful. Scripture uses it to issue a stern prohibition against believers speaking evil of each other, linking the act to the arrogance of judging God's law [[James 4:11]]. Simultaneously, it prepares believers for the reality of being slandered by the world, instructing them to counter false accusations not with words, but with an unwavering, good **conversation** `{{G391}}` that serves as a testament to God ([[1 Peter 2:12]], [[1 Peter 3:16]]).
TRV