### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **epistomízō**, represented by `{{G1993}}`, means to put something over the mouth, or figuratively, to **silence**. Its definition is derived from the words ἐπί and στόμα. This specific term appears 2 times within a single verse in the Bible, highlighting a very focused application. It conveys the idea of decisively stopping someone from speaking.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{G1993}}` is found in a command regarding false teachers. In [[Titus 1:11]], the instruction is given that their mouths **must be stopped** because they "subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre's sake." The context is one of protecting households from destructive teaching that is motivated by financial gain. The act of silencing is presented as a necessary response to a corrupting influence within the community.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words in the passage clarify the reason for this command:
* `{{G396}}` **anatrépō** (to overturn, subvert): This word describes the destructive effect of the false teachers, who are said to **subvert** whole houses [[Titus 1:11]] and can also **overthrow** the faith of some [[2 Timothy 2:18]].
* `{{G1321}}` **didáskō** (to teach): The action of the false teachers is a corrupt form of teaching. This word is more broadly used for instruction, such as the command to **teach** all nations to observe what Christ commanded [[Matthew 28:20]].
* `{{G2771}}` **kérdos** (gain, lucre): This points to the selfish motivation of the false teachers. While in some contexts **gain** can be positive, as in "to die is gain" [[Philippians 1:21]], here it is qualified as "filthy" `{{G150}}` lucre [[Titus 1:11]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1993}}` is found in its protective function for the church.
* **Guarding the Household:** The command to **stop mouths** is directly linked to the preservation of "whole houses" `{{G3624}}`, which can refer to families or the church body itself. False teaching is shown to have the power to **subvert** `{{G396}}` these foundational units [[Titus 1:11]].
* **Purity of Doctrine:** The action is a necessary `{{G1163}}` response to teaching that is driven by "filthy lucre's sake" [[Titus 1:11]]. This contrasts with proper teaching, which aims to build others up in the faith [[Colossians 2:7]].
* **Mandate for Correction:** The forceful nature of the term implies a non-negotiable responsibility to confront and silence teaching that is harmful to the faith. It is not a suggestion but a divine necessity ("must," `{{G1163}}`) to act decisively.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1993}}` **epistomízō** is more than a simple instruction to be quiet. It is a potent, albeit rare, biblical term for the authoritative and necessary act of silencing destructive, self-serving doctrine. Its use in [[Titus 1:11]] demonstrates the imperative to protect the church and its households from teachings that can **subvert** faith for the sake of shameful **gain**. It underscores a significant responsibility to maintain doctrinal purity.
TRV