The Greek word epistéllō, represented by G1989, means to enjoin by writing or to communicate by letter. Its definition, from ἐπί and στέλλω, indicates a formal communication. It appears only 3 times across 3 unique verses, yet its usage is significant in documenting key moments of instruction in the early church.
In the biblical narrative, G1989 is used exclusively to refer to the writing of important letters. It appears when the apostles and elders in Jerusalem decide to write to the Gentile believers, outlining specific behaviors they should abstain from to maintain fellowship Acts 15:20. This decision is later recounted, reinforcing that they had written and concluded on these matters Acts 21:25. The author of Hebrews also uses the term to describe his work, explaining he has written a letter of exhortation to his readers Hebrews 13:22.
Several related words clarify the purpose and content of the communications involving G1989:
- G2919 krínō: This word means to decide or determine. It is used alongside G1989 to show that the letter to the Gentiles was not merely a suggestion, but a formal conclusion reached by the church leadership Acts 21:25.
- G3870 parakaléō: Meaning to beseech, exhort, or comfort, this term highlights the pastoral nature of written communication. The letter to the Hebrews is framed by the author's desire to beseech his brethren with a "word of exhortation" Hebrews 13:22.
- G567 apéchomai: This word, meaning to abstain or refrain, specifies the core instruction within the apostolic decree. The letter was sent so that Gentile believers would abstain from idolatry and other practices Acts 15:20.
The use of G1989 carries distinct theological weight, highlighting the function of written communication in the New Testament.
- Communicating Apostolic Decree: The word is central to the Jerusalem Council's decision. The act of "writing" serves to formalize and transmit authoritative rulings on doctrine and practice for the broader church, particularly for resolving disputes between Jewish and Gentile believers Acts 15:20.
- Establishing Church Unity: The letters mentioned in Acts were instrumental in maintaining unity. By clearly stating what was required of Gentile converts, the written communication helped bridge a major cultural and theological divide, ensuring fellowship was preserved Acts 21:25.
- Pastoral Encouragement and Exhortation: Beyond formal decrees, G1989 is used to describe a letter of pastoral care. The author of Hebrews uses it to frame his entire epistle as a written work of exhortation, demonstrating the role of letters in encouraging and strengthening the faith of believers Hebrews 13:22.
In summary, G1989 signifies more than the simple act of writing. It represents a vital tool for the early church used to issue formal decisions, establish clear doctrinal standards, and provide pastoral exhortation. Though rare in its usage, epistéllō demonstrates the foundational importance of the written word in guiding, unifying, and encouraging the body of Christ.
TRV