The Greek word epigráphō, represented by G1924, means to inscribe, either physically or mentally. It is formed from the words ἐπί and γράφω. Appearing 5 times in 5 unique verses, this term is used for actions like "to write in," "write over," or "write thereon."
In the scriptures, G1924 is used to describe both physical and metaphorical writing. It appears physically when describing the inscription on an altar "TO THE UNKNOWN GOD" Acts 17:23, the names written thereon the twelve gates of the new Jerusalem Revelation 21:12, and the superscription written over Jesus's accusation on the cross Mark 15:26. Metaphorically, it is used to describe God's new covenant, where He promises to write His laws on the hearts and in the minds of His people (Hebrews 8:10, Hebrews 10:16).
Several related words help clarify the meaning of inscribing:
- G1923 epigraphḗ (an inscription): This noun is directly derived from G1924 and refers to the text that has been written. It is used for the superscription of Jesus's accusation Mark 15:26 and the text on a coin Matthew 22:20.
- G2588 kardía (the heart): This term designates the location for the metaphorical writing described in the new covenant. God promises to write His laws in the hearts of His people Hebrews 8:10. The heart is presented as the location of thoughts and feelings.
- G3551 nómos (law): This is the content that God inscribes. In the new covenant, God's laws are put into the mind and written on the heart (Hebrews 8:10, Hebrews 10:16). This law can refer to a principle or regulation, such as the "law of Christ" Galatians 6:2.
The use of G1924 carries significant theological weight, particularly in its distinction between physical and spiritual inscription.
- The New Covenant: The promise to write laws on the heart and mind is a cornerstone of the new covenant. This act signifies an internal transformation where God's law becomes an intrinsic part of a believer's being (Hebrews 8:10, Hebrews 10:16).
- Public Testimony: The physical inscriptions serve as public declarations. The sign written over Jesus identifies him as "THE KING OF THE JEWS" Mark 15:26, while the inscription on the Athenian altar provides a starting point for Paul to declare the nature of the true God Acts 17:23.
- Eternal Identification: In Revelation, the names written thereon the gates of the new Jerusalem establish the eternal identity and honor of the twelve tribes of Israel within God's kingdom Revelation 21:12.
In summary, G1924 epigráphō is a specific term for writing that encompasses both literal, physical inscriptions and profound, metaphorical ones. From the public accusation written over a cross to the promise of God's laws written on the human heart, the word highlights how text can define identity, declare truth, and signify the nature of God's covenant with His people.
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