### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **dolóō**, represented by `{{G1389}}`, means to ensnare or, figuratively, to adulterate. It is defined as handling something deceitfully. This term appears 2 times across 1 unique verse in the Bible, making its sole appearance highly significant.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single context for `{{G1389}}` is [[2 Corinthians 4:2]], where the apostle rejects dishonest ministry practices. He states that he and his companions have "renounced the hidden things of dishonesty," specifying that they are not "handling the word of God deceitfully." In this verse, the word describes the deliberate corruption or adulteration of God's message, contrasting it sharply with the "manifestation of the truth" that characterizes an authentic ministry.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words in [[2 Corinthians 4:2]] help clarify the meaning of `{{G1389}}`:
* `{{G550}}` **apeipómēn** (renounce): This word, meaning to disown, is used to show a decisive rejection of the deceitful practices that `{{G1389}}` represents. Paul states he has "renounced" these methods [[2 Corinthians 4:2]].
* `{{G3834}}` **panourgía** (craftiness): This term describes trickery or adroitness in a negative sense. It is rejected alongside `{{G1389}}`, as seen in the phrase "not walking in craftiness" [[2 Corinthians 4:2]]. The same word is used to describe the "subtilty" of the serpent that beguiled Eve [[2 Corinthians 11:3]].
* `{{G2927}}` **kryptós** (hidden): This word, meaning concealed or secret, is used to describe the "hidden things of dishonesty" that are renounced. This connects the act of deceit with secrecy and things that cannot stand up to open examination [[2 Corinthians 4:2]].
* `{{G152}}` **aischýnē** (dishonesty, shame): This term for shame or disgrace is directly linked to the deceitful actions Paul rejects. The phrase "hidden things of dishonesty" in [[2 Corinthians 4:2]] establishes a clear connection between deceit and shame.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1389}}` is centered on the integrity of the divine message.
* **Purity of God's Word:** The use of `{{G1389}}` in the context of "handling the word of God deceitfully" establishes that God's word is something that can be adulterated or corrupted by human agents. This underscores a theological imperative to preserve its purity [[2 Corinthians 4:2]].
* **A Mark of False Ministry:** The act of handling scripture deceitfully is presented as a hallmark of inauthentic ministry. It is listed among other rejected behaviors like walking in "craftiness" `{{G3834}}` and engaging in the "hidden things of dishonesty" `{{G152}}`, all of which are renounced [[2 Corinthians 4:2]].
* **The Primacy of Truth:** The verse sets up a direct opposition between `{{G1389}}` and truth. The alternative to handling the word deceitfully is the "manifestation of the truth," which commends the speaker to every person's conscience in the sight of God [[2 Corinthians 4:2]].
### Summary
In summary, while `{{G1389}}` is a rare word, its singular use in Scripture is powerful. It functions as a strong condemnation of any attempt to adulterate, ensnare with, or corrupt the word of God. By appearing in [[2 Corinthians 4:2]], it serves as a critical warning against ministerial dishonesty and champions the unapologetic and clear "manifestation of the truth" as the proper way to handle the divine message.
TRV