of foreign origin; Derbe, a place in Asia Minor:--Derbe.
Transliteration:Dérbē
Pronunciation:der-bay'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word Δέρβη (Dérbē, `{{G1191}}`) is a proper noun, specifically a place name. Its base definition indicates a "place in Asia Minor" and notes its "foreign origin." This suggests that the name Derbe is not derived from Greek but likely from a local Anatolian language, possibly Luwian or Isaurian. As a geographical designation, its core meaning is fixed and refers to a specific city located in the Roman province of Galatia, near the border with Cilicia. Unlike verbs or abstract nouns, Δέρβη does not possess a broad semantic range; its significance lies entirely in its referential function as a named location within the biblical narrative. Its "foreign origin" further underscores that its importance is not etymological but purely historical and geographical.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The city of Derbe appears exclusively in the book of Acts, playing a significant role in the missionary journeys of the Apostle Paul.
* In [[Acts 14:6]], Paul and Barnabas flee to Lystra and Derbe after being persecuted and nearly stoned in Iconium. This highlights Derbe as a place of refuge and continued ministry, demonstrating the apostles' resilience and commitment to spreading the Gospel even in the face of severe opposition. Upon arriving, they "preached the gospel" there, indicating the establishment of a new outreach.
* Following Paul's stoning in Lystra, [[Acts 14:20]] records that he "rose up and entered the city, and on the next day he went on with Barnabas to Derbe." This passage underscores Derbe's proximity to Lystra and its function as a subsequent destination for evangelism. The narrative implies a successful ministry in Derbe, as they "preached the gospel to that city and made many disciples" before returning to strengthen the new churches in Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch ([[Acts 14:21-23]]).
* Derbe is mentioned again in [[Acts 16:1]], where Paul revisits the region on his second missionary journey. The text states, "He came also to Derbe and to Lystra." It is in Lystra, or possibly in the vicinity of Derbe and Lystra, that Paul meets Timothy, who subsequently joins his missionary team. This return visit signifies Derbe's inclusion in Paul's established circuit of churches and its importance as a center for discipling new believers and raising up future leaders.
Across these occurrences, Derbe consistently functions as a locus of apostolic activity, a place where the Gospel was proclaimed, disciples were made, and the early church expanded.
### Related Words & Concepts
As a proper geographical name, Δέρβη is primarily related to other locations and concepts central to early Christian missions:
* **Neighboring Cities:** Δέρβη is almost always mentioned in conjunction with Λύστρα (Lystra, `{{G3050}}`) and often in the broader context of Ἰκόνιον (Iconium, `{{G1517}}`) and Ἀντιόχεια (Antioch, `{{G491}}` of Pisidia). These cities formed a cluster of early Christian communities in the Roman province of Galatia.
* **Geographical Region:** The city belonged to the Roman province of Γαλατία (Galatia, `{{G1053}}`), a crucial area for Paul's Gentile mission.
* **Missionary Journeys:** The concept of ἀποστολὴ (apostolē, "mission" or "sending," related to ἀπόστολος - apostle, `{{G652}}`) is inherently linked to Derbe, as it was a key stop on Paul's (`{{G3972}}`) first and second missionary journeys.
* **Evangelism and Discipleship:** The narratives emphasize the preaching of the εὐαγγέλιον (euangelion, "gospel," `{{G2098}}`) and the making of μαθηταί (mathētai, "disciples," `{{G3101}}`) in Derbe, connecting it to the core activities of the early church.
* **Persecution and Resilience:** The journey to Derbe is often a response to persecution, highlighting the resilience of figures like Barnabas (`{{G921}}`) and Paul in the face of adversity.
* **Leadership Development:** The meeting with Timothy (`{{G5095}}`) in this region underscores the importance of Derbe within the broader context of raising up new leaders for the burgeoning church.
### Theological Significance
While Δέρβη is a geographical marker, its repeated appearance in Acts imbues it with significant theological meaning.
1. **Expansion of the Gospel:** Derbe represents a frontier of the early church's expansion into Gentile territories. Its inclusion in Paul's itinerary demonstrates God's sovereign plan for the Gospel to reach "the ends of the earth" ([[Acts 1:8]]). The establishment of a believing community in Derbe signifies the breaking down of ethnic and geographical barriers in the spread of the Kingdom.
2. **Divine Providence amidst Persecution:** The apostles' flight to Derbe after severe persecution in Iconium and Lystra illustrates God's providential care. Derbe became a safe haven where ministry could continue unhindered for a time, showcasing how God opens new doors even when others close. This underscores the theological principle that adversity can be a catalyst for further mission.
3. **The Nature of Apostolic Ministry:** The work in Derbe — preaching the Gospel, making disciples, and revisiting the community — exemplifies the comprehensive nature of apostolic ministry: evangelism, discipleship, and church planting. It was not merely about initial proclamation but about nurturing nascent communities.
4. **Continuity and Succession:** Paul's return to Derbe and the surrounding region on his second journey, particularly the encounter with Timothy, highlights the importance of continuity in ministry and the raising up of new generations of leaders. Derbe thus becomes a symbol of the ongoing work of the Holy Spirit in building up the church.
### Summary
Δέρβη (Dérbē, `{{G1191}}`) is a city in the Roman province of Galatia, significant not for its etymology but for its pivotal role in the early Christian mission. It served as a key destination for Paul and Barnabas on their first missionary journey, a place of refuge from persecution, and a fertile ground for evangelism where "many disciples" were made ([[Acts 14:21]]). Paul revisited Derbe on his second journey, underscoring its importance as an established center for the burgeoning church and a location connected to the development of future leaders like Timothy. Theologically, Derbe represents the relentless expansion of the Gospel into Gentile lands, God's providential protection over His missionaries, and the holistic nature of apostolic ministry encompassing proclamation, discipleship, and the nurturing of new believers.
TRV