### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **gémō**, represented by `{{G1073}}`, is a primary verb that means to **swell out**, or to **be full**. It appears **11 times** across **11 unique verses** in the Bible. This term is used to describe a state of being completely filled, often illustrating a stark contrast between heavenly contents and moral corruption.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G1073}}` is used in two primary contexts: the apocalyptic visions of Revelation and the moral rebukes in the Gospels. In Revelation, heavenly objects are described as being **full**, such as the golden vials **full** of odours, which represent the prayers of saints [[Revelation 5:8]], and the vials **full** of the wrath of God [[Revelation 15:7]]. The four beasts before God's throne are also depicted as being **full** of eyes [[Revelation 4:6]]. In contrast, Jesus uses the term to condemn the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, stating that while their cups are clean on the outside, inwardly they are **full** of ravening and wickedness [[Luke 11:39]] or **full** of extortion and excess [[Matthew 23:25]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concept of "fullness" and the substances that fill a given space:
* `{{G4134}}` **plḗrēs** (replete, or covered over; by analogy, complete:--full): This word is a close synonym. It is used to describe Jesus as **full** of the Holy Ghost [[Luke 4:1]] and Tabitha as being **full** of good works [[Acts 9:36]].
* `{{G2372}}` **thymós** (passion (as if breathing hard):--fierceness, indignation, wrath): This is one of the divine contents described with **gémō**. The seven golden vials are **full** of the **wrath** of God before it is poured out [[Revelation 15:7]].
* `{{G724}}` **harpagḗ** (pillage (properly abstract):--extortion, ravening, spoiling): This word describes the moral corruption Jesus condemns. He states the Pharisees' inward part is **full** of **ravening** [[Luke 11:39]] and their platter is **full** of **extortion** [[Matthew 23:25]].
* `{{G946}}` **bdélygma** (a detestation, i.e. (specially) idolatry:--abomination): This term is used to describe the contents of the corrupt woman's golden cup, which is **full of abominations** [[Revelation 17:4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1073}}` is significant, particularly in its use of contrast.
* **Internal State vs. External Appearance:** Jesus's use of the word emphasizes God's focus on the heart. The Pharisees appear clean, but are inwardly **full** of wickedness [[Luke 11:39]] and like sepulchres **full** of uncleanness [[Matthew 23:27]], highlighting the theme that true purity is internal.
* **Vessels of Divine Purpose:** In Revelation, objects being **full** signifies their readiness for a divine purpose. Vials are **full** of the prayers of the saints [[Revelation 5:8]] or **full** of God's wrath [[Revelation 15:7]], portraying them as instruments of divine interaction and judgment.
* **The Fullness of Good and Evil:** The word starkly contrasts what things are filled with. A mouth can be **full** of cursing and bitterness [[Romans 3:14]], and a symbolic cup can be **full of** abominations [[Revelation 17:4]]. This stands against the heavenly visions where things are **full** of eyes, signifying divine awareness, or prayer, signifying holiness.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1073}}` is a potent term that conveys a state of being completely filled to capacity. It is not a neutral descriptor; scripture uses it to draw a sharp line between the fullness of divine instruments in heaven and the fullness of moral and spiritual corruption on earth. From the inner life of a hypocrite to the instruments of God's final judgment, **gémō** illustrates that what fills a person or object defines its ultimate nature and purpose.
TRV