Psalms 22:16

For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet.

For dogs {H3611} have compassed {H5437} me: the assembly {H5712} of the wicked {H7489} have inclosed {H5362} me: they pierced {H3738}{H738} my hands {H3027} and my feet {H7272}.

Dogs are all around me, a pack of villains closes in on me like a lion [at] my hands and feet.

For dogs surround me; a band of evil men encircles me; they have pierced my hands and feet.

For dogs have compassed me: A company of evil-doers have inclosed me; They pierced my hands and my feet.

Psalms 22:16 KJV is a profoundly significant verse, often cited as a direct prophecy concerning the suffering and crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It paints a vivid picture of the agony and humiliation endured by the psalmist, whose words resonate deeply with the New Testament accounts of the Messiah's passion.

Context

Psalm 22 is a lamentation psalm attributed to David, expressing intense suffering, isolation, and persecution, yet it culminates in a declaration of praise and trust in God. The psalm begins with the famous cry, "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" which Jesus Himself quoted on the cross (Matthew 27:46). Verse 16 falls within the section describing the intense physical and emotional distress of the psalmist, surrounded by enemies who mock and abuse him. Historically, it reflects David's own experiences of persecution, but prophetically, it points beyond him to a greater suffering servant.

Key Themes

  • Intense Persecution and Hostility: The imagery of "dogs" and "assembly of the wicked" highlights the cruel, relentless, and dehumanizing nature of the psalmist's adversaries. "Dogs" in ancient Near Eastern culture were often scavengers, contemptible and violent, symbolizing unholy or vicious enemies.
  • Physical Suffering: The phrase "they pierced my hands and my feet" is a stark depiction of physical torment, specifically pointing towards a method of execution involving the extremities.
  • Prophetic Foreshadowing: This verse is a cornerstone of Messianic prophecy, detailing aspects of Christ's crucifixion centuries before the event. It speaks to the precise nature of His suffering, including the method of His death.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "they pierced my hands and my feet" translates the Hebrew verb karu (כָּרוּ). While there is some textual debate among ancient manuscripts, with a variant reading ka'ari (כָּאֲרִי, "like a lion"), the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament) renders it as "pierced" (ὤρυξαν, ōryxan), supporting the traditional Messianic interpretation. This reading aligns perfectly with the New Testament accounts of Jesus' crucifixion, where His hands and feet were indeed pierced by nails (John 20:25). The imagery suggests a deliberate and violent act, not merely restraint.

Prophetic Significance

Psalms 22:16 is one of the most direct Old Testament prophecies concerning the crucifixion. The details align remarkably with the gospel narratives:

  • The Enemies: The "dogs" and "assembly of the wicked" correspond to the Roman soldiers and the hostile crowd who surrounded Jesus at Calvary.
  • The Piercing: This specific detail, "pierced my hands and my feet," is a precise foretelling of crucifixion, a form of execution unknown in David's time but practiced by the Romans. The gospels explicitly state that Jesus was crucified (Matthew 27:35, John 19:23).
This verse underscores the divine foreknowledge and meticulous planning behind God's redemptive work, emphasizing that Christ's suffering was not accidental but part of a preordained plan to save humanity.

Practical Application

For believers, Psalms 22:16 serves as a powerful reminder of:

  • The Cost of Redemption: It highlights the immense suffering Jesus endured to secure salvation. His physical agony and humiliation were prophesied and fulfilled, demonstrating the depth of God's love and the seriousness of sin.
  • God's Sovereignty: Even in moments of extreme suffering and apparent defeat, God is in control. The fulfillment of this prophecy demonstrates God's ability to orchestrate events across centuries to bring about His perfect plan.
  • Hope in Suffering: Just as the psalmist ultimately found deliverance and praise, believers can find hope and trust in God amidst their own trials, knowing that Christ understands their pain and has overcome the greatest suffering.
This verse invites us to reflect on the sacrifice of Christ and to live lives worthy of His great love, embracing the redemptive power of His wounds.

Note: Commentary was generated by an advanced AI, utilizing a prompt that emphasized Biblical fidelity over bias. We've found these insights to be consistently reliable, yet we always encourage prayerful discernment through the Holy Spirit. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

  • John 19:37

    And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced.

  • Matthew 27:35

    And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture did they cast lots.

  • Zechariah 12:10

    And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for [his] only [son], and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for [his] firstborn.

  • John 20:25

    The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

  • John 19:23

    Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also [his] coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.

  • Mark 15:24

    And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.

  • John 19:34

    But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
← Back