Proverbs 20:14

Proverbs 20:14 offers a shrewd observation on human nature and commercial dealings, revealing a common deceptive practice. The verse states: "¶ [It is] naught, [it is] naught, saith the buyer: but when he is gone his way, then he boasteth."

Historical and Cultural Context

In ancient Near Eastern societies, marketplaces were central to daily life and commerce. Bargaining was a standard practice, often involving spirited negotiations between buyers and sellers. This verse reflects a common tactic where a buyer would verbally devalue an item, claiming it was "naught" or worthless, in an attempt to drive down the price. Once the advantageous deal was struck and the buyer had departed, the true value of the acquisition would be revealed through their boasting about the shrewd bargain they secured.

Key Themes and Messages

• Deceit in Commerce: The primary theme is the dishonesty inherent in pretending an item is inferior to its actual worth. It highlights a lack of integrity in business transactions, where a buyer intentionally misrepresents their perception of value for personal gain. This contrasts with the biblical emphasis on honest weights and measures, which stresses fairness in all dealings.
• Human Nature and Self-Interest: The verse exposes the self-serving aspect of human nature, where individuals prioritize their own profit over truthfulness. It illustrates how desires for a good deal can lead to cunning and manipulative behavior.
• Boasting and Hypocrisy: The "boasting" after the deal is a key part of the verse's insight. It reveals the hypocrisy of the buyer who first disparaged the item but then takes pride in having acquired it cheaply. This pride often stems from a sense of cleverness in outwitting the seller.

Linguistic Insights

The repeated phrase "naught, naught" (Hebrew: ra', ra' - רַע רַע) emphasizes the strong dismissal and devaluation of the item by the buyer. "Ra'" can mean bad, evil, or worthless. The word for "boasteth" (Hebrew: halal - הָלַל) implies to praise, glorify, or shine. In this context, it signifies the buyer praising himself or the bargain, often loudly and publicly, for his perceived cleverness.

Related Scriptures

This proverb aligns with other wisdom literature that condemns deceit and promotes integrity. For instance, Proverbs 12:22 declares that "lying lips are abomination to the LORD", which directly applies to the buyer's deceptive words. Similarly, the call for ethical conduct in the marketplace is echoed in Proverbs 20:23, which condemns "diverse weights" as an abomination.

Practical Application

This verse serves as a timeless reminder about integrity in all transactions, whether in business, personal dealings, or negotiations. It challenges us to:

• Practice Honesty: Avoid deceptive tactics to gain an advantage. Our words should reflect truth and fairness, not manipulation.
• Examine Motives: Reflect on whether our desire for a good deal leads us to compromise our ethical standards.
• Guard Against Pride: Be wary of the temptation to boast about shrewdness that was achieved through less-than-honest means. True wisdom values honesty and integrity above cleverness.

Ultimately, Proverbs 20:14 encourages a standard of transparency and honesty in commercial and personal interactions, reflecting a character that values truth over temporary gain.