Proverbs 17:27

KJV

¶ He that hath knowledge spareth his words: [and] a man of understanding is of an excellent spirit.

KJV (with Strong's)

He that hath {H3045} knowledge {H1847} spareth {H2820} his words {H561}: and a man {H376} of understanding {H8394} is of an excellent {H3368}{H7119} spirit {H7307}.

Complete Jewish Bible

A knowledgeable person controls his tongue; a discerning person controls his temper.

Berean Standard Bible

A man of knowledge restrains his words, and a man of understanding maintains a calm spirit.

American Standard Version

He that spareth his words hath knowledge; And he that is of a cool spirit is a man of understanding.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Proverbs 17:27 profoundly articulates the characteristics of a truly wise and discerning individual, emphasizing the virtue of controlled speech and a composed inner disposition. This proverb teaches that genuine knowledge and understanding are not demonstrated by an abundance of words, but rather by thoughtful restraint in communication and the cultivation of a calm, stable, and dignified spirit. It highlights that true wisdom manifests as self-control, particularly over the tongue, and an inner tranquility that reflects deep insight.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Proverbs 17:27 is situated within the "Proverbs of Solomon" (Proverbs 10:1-22:16), a large collection of aphorisms offering practical wisdom for daily living. This particular verse fits seamlessly into the broader thematic emphasis on the power and proper use of the tongue, a recurring motif throughout the book. Chapters 10-29 frequently contrast the wise and the foolish, often illustrating how their speech patterns reveal their inner character. Verses immediately surrounding 17:27, such as [Proverbs 17:28](/proverbs/17-28 "Proverbs 17:28 - Even a fool, when he holds his peace, is counted wise") which speaks of a fool holding his peace to be considered wise, reinforce the value of silence and measured speech. The entire [Book of Proverbs](/proverbs/1 "The Book of Proverbs - Wisdom for Living") serves as a guide for cultivating a righteous life, with prudent communication being a cornerstone virtue.

* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature, including Proverbs, often focused on practical ethics and the development of character necessary for a flourishing life within the community. In a society where oral communication was paramount, the spoken word carried immense weight. Reputation, social standing, and even legal outcomes were heavily influenced by one's speech. Therefore, the ability to "spare words" or to speak with "an excellent spirit" was not merely a personal virtue but a societal asset. It indicated self-mastery, a deep understanding of social dynamics, and a respect for truth, contrasting sharply with the rash, boastful, or deceitful speech often condemned in the wisdom tradition. The emphasis on inner disposition ("spirit") also reflects a holistic understanding of wisdom that encompasses both intellect and character.

* **Key Themes:** This verse contributes significantly to several key themes prevalent in [Proverbs](/proverbs/1 "The Book of Proverbs - Wisdom for Living"). Primarily, it underscores the theme of **Restraint in Speech**, asserting that a truly knowledgeable person understands the weight of their words and chooses them carefully, avoiding superfluous or harmful utterances. This is echoed in [Proverbs 10:19](/proverbs/10-19 "Proverbs 10:19 - In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin"). Secondly, it highlights the theme of **Understanding and Discernment**, linking deep insight not just to intellectual capacity but to a composed and dignified inner disposition. A person of true understanding is not easily agitated or impulsive, reflecting a stable character. Finally, the concept of an **"Excellent Spirit"** points to inner stability, self-control, and a calm temperament, which are hallmarks of spiritual maturity and wisdom. This connects to the broader theme of **Character Formation**, where wisdom transforms not just actions but the very essence of a person's being, as seen in the pursuit of righteousness throughout [the wisdom literature](/job/1 "The Book of Job - Exploring Suffering and Wisdom").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Knowledge (Hebrew, _daʻath'_ H1847):** Derived from the root "to know" (yâdaʻ, H3045), this term signifies not merely intellectual information but a deep, experiential understanding and acquaintance. It implies practical wisdom that informs one's actions and character, distinguishing it from mere theoretical learning. A person possessing _daʻath_ has internalized truth to the extent that it shapes their behavior, including their speech.
* **Spareth (Hebrew, _châsak'_ H2820):** This primitive root conveys the idea of restraining, holding back, or withholding. It implies an intentional, deliberate choice to limit one's words, not out of shyness or lack of something to say, but out of discernment and wisdom. It suggests a conscious effort to avoid excessive or inappropriate speech, recognizing the power and potential consequences of words. The act of "sparing" words is an active demonstration of self-control.
* **Spirit (Hebrew, _rûwach'_ H7307):** This versatile word can mean wind, breath, or spirit. In this context, it refers to the inner disposition, temperament, or character of a person. When combined with "excellent" (yâqâr, H3368, and qar, H7119), it describes a valuable, weighty, or dignified inner state. An "excellent spirit" is one that is calm, patient, discerning, and not easily agitated, reflecting inner stability and maturity.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"He that hath knowledge spareth his words":** This clause establishes a direct correlation between true knowledge and disciplined speech. A person who genuinely possesses _daʻath_ (deep, practical knowledge) understands the potential for both good and harm in words. Consequently, they exercise _châsak_ (restraint), choosing their words carefully, speaking only when necessary, and avoiding idle chatter, gossip, or impulsive utterances. This restraint is a mark of wisdom, indicating that the individual values the impact of their communication and prioritizes thoughtful consideration over volubility.
* **"and a man of understanding is of an excellent spirit":** The second clause complements the first, linking understanding (tâbûwn, H8394, intelligence, discretion) with an "excellent spirit" (yâqâr rûwach, H3368 + H7307). This "excellent spirit" describes an inner disposition that is valuable, weighty, and dignified. It signifies a calm, patient, and discerning temperament, one that is not easily swayed by emotion or external pressures. Such a person possesses inner stability and self-control, allowing them to respond wisely rather than react impulsively, reflecting a profound sense of maturity and spiritual depth.

#### Literary Devices
Proverbs 17:27 employs several literary devices to convey its profound truth. The primary device is **Parallelism**, specifically **Synonymous Parallelism**, where the second line reiterates and expands upon the idea presented in the first. "He that hath knowledge spareth his words" is paralleled by "a man of understanding is of an excellent spirit," with "knowledge" and "understanding" being closely related concepts, and "sparing words" being a manifestation of an "excellent spirit." This reinforces the central message that inner wisdom is outwardly expressed through controlled speech and a calm demeanor. The verse also utilizes **Metonymy**, where "words" stand in for the act of speaking or communication itself, and "spirit" represents the entire inner character or disposition. Furthermore, the use of **Contrast** is implicit, as the wise person's restrained speech and excellent spirit are implicitly contrasted with the foolish person's rash words and agitated demeanor, a common theme throughout [Proverbs](/proverbs/1 "The Book of Proverbs - Wisdom for Living").

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Proverbs 17:27 articulates a profound theological truth: genuine wisdom, rooted in the knowledge of God and His ways, manifests in disciplined self-control, particularly over the tongue, and a settled inner disposition. This is not merely a matter of social etiquette but a reflection of a transformed heart. The ability to restrain one's words and maintain an "excellent spirit" signifies a person whose inner life is ordered by divine principles, demonstrating patience, discernment, and a quiet confidence that comes from trusting in the Lord. Such a spirit is a testament to spiritual maturity, showing that true understanding leads to a life of measured responses rather than impulsive reactions, honoring God in both thought and deed.

* [Proverbs 10:19](/proverbs/10-19 "Proverbs 10:19 - In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin: but he that refraineth his lips is wise.")
* [James 1:19](/james/1-19 "James 1:19 - Be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath.")
* [Galatians 5:22-23](/galatians/5-22 "Galatians 5:22-23 - The Fruit of the Spirit")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
In a world saturated with instant communication, constant noise, and the pressure to express every thought, Proverbs 17:27 offers a counter-cultural call to intentionality and inner peace. It challenges us to cultivate a life where our words are not merely abundant but weighty, chosen with care and purpose. This verse encourages us to prioritize deep listening and thoughtful consideration over impulsive reactions or the need to always have the last word. Developing an "excellent spirit" means nurturing an inner calm that allows us to navigate life's challenges with grace and wisdom, rather than being easily agitated or provoked. By embracing this wisdom, we not only build trust and respect in our relationships but also reflect a deeper spiritual maturity that honors God and blesses those around us. It's a call to be people of substance, whose quiet presence and measured words carry more impact than a torrent of unexamined speech.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what areas of my life am I most prone to speaking impulsively or excessively?**
* **How can I practice more intentional listening and thoughtful consideration before I speak?**
* **What does an "excellent spirit" look like in my daily interactions, and how can I cultivate it?**
* **How might my relationships improve if I more consistently "spared my words" and exhibited a calmer spirit?**

### FAQ
**Does "spareth his words" mean we should never speak much or be quiet all the time?**

Answer: No, "spareth his words" (H2820, _châsak_) does not advocate for absolute silence or muteness. Instead, it emphasizes intentional restraint and thoughtful consideration in speech. A person with knowledge understands the weight and impact of their words, choosing to speak only when necessary, when their words are constructive, true, and beneficial. It's about quality over quantity, avoiding idle chatter, gossip, or impulsive utterances. The wise person knows when to speak and, crucially, when to remain silent, allowing their words to carry greater weight and impact when they are finally uttered. This aligns with other wisdom literature that cautions against the dangers of unbridled speech, such as [Proverbs 10:19](/proverbs/10-19 "Proverbs 10:19 - The danger of many words").

**What does it mean to have an "excellent spirit"?**

Answer: To have an "excellent spirit" (H3368, _yâqâr_ and H7307, _rûwach_) means possessing an inner disposition that is valuable, weighty, and dignified. It describes a temperament that is calm, patient, discerning, and not easily agitated or provoked. This is a person who exhibits self-control, inner stability, and maturity, allowing them to respond to situations with wisdom and composure rather than impulsiveness. It reflects a deep understanding of life and a settled character that commands respect and fosters peace, embodying the wisdom that comes from God, as seen in the qualities of the fruit of the Spirit in [Galatians 5:22-23](/galatians/5-22 "Galatians 5:22-23 - The Fruit of the Spirit").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Proverbs 17:27 finds its ultimate fulfillment in the person and ministry of Jesus Christ, who perfectly embodied both knowledge that spares words and an excellent spirit. Jesus, as the incarnate Wisdom of God ([1 Corinthians 1:24](/1_corinthians/1-24 "1 Corinthians 1:24 - Christ the Power and Wisdom of God")), consistently demonstrated profound discernment in His speech. He often "spared His words," choosing silence in the face of accusations ([Matthew 27:12-14](/matthew/27-12 "Matthew 27:12-14 - Jesus' Silence Before Pilate")), speaking only what was necessary and impactful, and never engaging in idle or harmful talk. His words were always "full of grace and truth" ([John 1:14](/john/1-14 "John 1:14 - The Word Became Flesh")), delivered with authority and purpose, such that even His enemies marveled, "Never did anyone speak like this man!" ([John 7:46](/john/7-46 "John 7:46 - Officers Sent to Arrest Jesus")). Furthermore, Jesus perfectly exemplified an "excellent spirit." His spirit was consistently calm, patient, and unwavering, even under immense pressure and suffering ([Isaiah 53:7](/isaiah/53-7 "Isaiah 53:7 - He was oppressed and afflicted")). He responded to betrayal with grace, to opposition with truth, and to the cross with submission to His Father's will ([Luke 23:34](/luke/23-34 "Luke 23:34 - Jesus Forgives His Executioners")). In Christ, we see the perfect integration of divine knowledge, disciplined speech, and an unshakeable, excellent spirit, providing the ultimate model for all who seek true wisdom and spiritual maturity.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

James 3:18

And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make peace.

James 1:19

¶ Wherefore, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath:

Proverbs 14:29

¶ [He that is] slow to wrath [is] of great understanding: but [he that is] hasty of spirit exalteth folly.

Proverbs 10:19

¶ In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin: but he that refraineth his lips [is] wise.

James 3:2

For in many things we offend all. If any man offend not in word, the same [is] a perfect man, [and] able also to bridle the whole body.

Proverbs 15:28

¶ The heart of the righteous studieth to answer: but the mouth of the wicked poureth out evil things.

Ecclesiastes 9:17

The words of wise [men are] heard in quiet more than the cry of him that ruleth among fools.