TRV
Translation
King James Version
And next unto him builded the men of Jericho. And next to them builded Zaccur the son of Imri.
Complete Jewish Bible
Next to him the men from Yericho built. Next to him Zakur the son of Imri built.
Berean Standard Bible
The men of Jericho built next to Eliashib, and Zaccur son of Imri built next to them.
American Standard Version
And next unto him builded the men of Jericho. And next to them builded Zaccur the son of Imri.
World English Bible Messianic
Next to him built the men of Jericho. Next to them built Zaccur the son of Imri.
Geneva Bible (1599)
And next vnto him buylded the men of Iericho, and beside him Zaccur the sonne of Imri.
Young's Literal Translation
and by his hand have men of Jericho built; and by their hand hath Zaccur son of Imri built;
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In the KJVVerse 12,330 of 31,102
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Commentary on Nehemiah 3 verses 1–32
1 ¶ Then Eliashib the high priest rose up with his brethren the priests, and they builded the sheep gate; they sanctified it, and set up the doors of it; even unto the tower of Meah they sanctified it, unto the tower of Hananeel.
2 And next unto him builded the men of Jericho. And next to them builded Zaccur the son of Imri.
3 But the fish gate did the sons of Hassenaah build, who also laid the beams thereof, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
4 And next unto them repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah, the son of Koz. And next unto them repaired Meshullam the son of Berechiah, the son of Meshezabeel. And next unto them repaired Zadok the son of Baana.
5 And next unto them the Tekoites repaired; but their nobles put not their necks to the work of their Lord.
6 Moreover the old gate repaired Jehoiada the son of Paseah, and Meshullam the son of Besodeiah; they laid the beams thereof, and set up the doors thereof, and the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
7 And next unto them repaired Melatiah the Gibeonite, and Jadon the Meronothite, the men of Gibeon, and of Mizpah, unto the throne of the governor on this side the river.
8 Next unto him repaired Uzziel the son of Harhaiah, of the goldsmiths. Next unto him also repaired Hananiah the son of one of the apothecaries, and they fortified Jerusalem unto the broad wall.
9 And next unto them repaired Rephaiah the son of Hur, the ruler of the half part of Jerusalem.
10 And next unto them repaired Jedaiah the son of Harumaph, even over against his house. And next unto him repaired Hattush the son of Hashabniah.
11 Malchijah the son of Harim, and Hashub the son of Pahathmoab, repaired the other piece, and the tower of the furnaces.
12 And next unto him repaired Shallum the son of Halohesh, the ruler of the half part of Jerusalem, he and his daughters.
13 The valley gate repaired Hanun, and the inhabitants of Zanoah; they built it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof, and a thousand cubits on the wall unto the dung gate.
14 But the dung gate repaired Malchiah the son of Rechab, the ruler of part of Bethhaccerem; he built it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
15 But the gate of the fountain repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of part of Mizpah; he built it, and covered it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof, and the wall of the pool of Siloah by the king's garden, and unto the stairs that go down from the city of David.
16 After him repaired Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the ruler of the half part of Bethzur, unto the place over against the sepulchres of David, and to the pool that was made, and unto the house of the mighty.
17 After him repaired the Levites, Rehum the son of Bani. Next unto him repaired Hashabiah, the ruler of the half part of Keilah, in his part.
18 After him repaired their brethren, Bavai the son of Henadad, the ruler of the half part of Keilah.
19 And next to him repaired Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, another piece over against the going up to the armoury at the turning of the wall.
20 After him Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired the other piece, from the turning of the wall unto the door of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21 After him repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah the son of Koz another piece, from the door of the house of Eliashib even to the end of the house of Eliashib.
22 And after him repaired the priests, the men of the plain.
23 After him repaired Benjamin and Hashub over against their house. After him repaired Azariah the son of Maaseiah the son of Ananiah by his house.
24 After him repaired Binnui the son of Henadad another piece, from the house of Azariah unto the turning of the wall, even unto the corner.
25 Palal the son of Uzai, over against the turning of the wall, and the tower which lieth out from the king's high house, that was by the court of the prison. After him Pedaiah the son of Parosh.
26 Moreover the Nethinims dwelt in Ophel, unto the place over against the water gate toward the east, and the tower that lieth out.
27 After them the Tekoites repaired another piece, over against the great tower that lieth out, even unto the wall of Ophel.
28 From above the horse gate repaired the priests, every one over against his house.
29 After them repaired Zadok the son of Immer over against his house. After him repaired also Shemaiah the son of Shechaniah, the keeper of the east gate.
30 After him repaired Hananiah the son of Shelemiah, and Hanun the sixth son of Zalaph, another piece. After him repaired Meshullam the son of Berechiah over against his chamber.
31 After him repaired Malchiah the goldsmith's son unto the place of the Nethinims, and of the merchants, over against the gate Miphkad, and to the going up of the corner.
32 And between the going up of the corner unto the sheep gate repaired the goldsmiths and the merchants.
The best way to know how to divide this chapter is to observe how the work was divided among the undertakers, that every one might know what he had to do, and mind it accordingly with a holy emulation, and desire to excel, yet without any contention, animosity, or separate interest. No strife appears among them but which should do most for the public good. Several things are observable in the account here given of the building of the wall about Jerusalem: -
I. That Eliashib the high priest, with his brethren the priests, led the van in this troop of builders, Neh 3:1. Ministers should be foremost in every good work; for their office obliges them to teach and quicken by their example, as well as by their doctrine. If there be labour in it, who so fit as they to work? if danger, who so fit as they to venture? The dignity of the high priest was very great, and obliged him to signalize himself in this service. The priests repaired the sheep-gate, so called because through it were brought the sheep that were to be sacrificed in the temple; and therefore the priests undertook the repair of it because the offerings of the Lord made by fire were their inheritance. And of this gate only it is said that they sanctified it with the word and prayer, and perhaps with sacrifices perhaps, 1. Because it led to the temple; or, 2. Because with this the building of the wall began, and it is probable (though they were at work in all parts of the wall at the same time) that this was first finished, and therefore at this gate they solemnly committed their city and the walls of it to the divine protection; or, 3. Because the priests were the builders of it; and it becomes ministers above others, being themselves in a peculiar manner sanctified to God, to sanctify to him all their performances, and to do even their common actions after a godly sort.
II. That the undertakers were very many, who each took his share, some more and some less, in this work, according as their ability was. Note, What is to be done for the public good every one should assist in, and further, to the utmost of his place and power. United force will conquer that which no individual dares venture on. Many hands will make light work.
III. That many were active in this work who were not themselves inhabitants of Jerusalem, and therefore consulted purely the public welfare and not any private interest or advantage of their own. Here are the men of Jericho with the first (Neh 3:2), the men of Gibeon and Mizpah (Neh 3:7), and Zanoah, Neh 3:13. Every Israelite should lend a hand towards the building up of Jerusalem.
IV. That several rulers, both of Jerusalem and of other cities, were active in this work, thinking themselves bound in honour to do the utmost that their wealth and power enabled them to do for the furtherance of this good work. But it is observable that they are called rulers of part, or the half part, of their respective cities. One was ruler of the half part of Jerusalem (Neh 3:12), another of part of Beth-haccerem (Neh 3:14), another of part of Mizpah (Neh 3:15), another of the half part of Beth-zur (Neh 3:16), one was ruler of one half part, and another of the other half part, of Keilah, Neh 3:17, Neh 3:18. Perhaps the Persian government would not entrust any one with a strong city, but appointed two to be a watch upon each other. Rome had two consuls.
V. Here is a just reproach fastened upon the nobles of Tekoa, that they put not their necks to the work of their Lord (Neh 3:5), that is, they would not come under the yoke of an obligation to this service; as if the dignity and liberty of their peerage were their discharge from serving God and doing good, which are indeed the highest honour and the truest freedom. Let not nobles think any thing below them by which they may advance the interests of their country; for what else is their nobility good for but that it puts them in a higher and larger sphere of usefulness than that in which inferior persons move?
VI. Two persons joined in repairing the old gate (Neh 3:6), and so were co-founders, and shared the honour of it between them. The good work which we cannot compass ourselves we must be thankful to those that will go partners with us in. Some think that this is called the old gate because it belonged to the ancient Salem, which was said to be first built by Melchizedek.
VII. Several good honest tradesmen, as well as priests and rulers, were active in this work - goldsmiths, apothecaries, merchants, Neh 3:8, Neh 3:32. They did not think their callings excused them, nor plead that they could not leave their shops to attend the public business, knowing that what they lost would certainly be made up to them by the blessing of God upon their callings.
VIII. Some ladies are spoken of as helping forward this work - Shallum and his daughters (Neh 3:12), who, though not capable of personal service, yet having their portions in their own hands, or being rich widows, contributed money for buying materials and paying workmen. St. Paul speaks of some good women that laboured with him in the gospel, Phi 4:3.
IX. Of some it is said that they repaired over against their houses (Neh 3:10, Neh 3:23, Neh 3:28, Neh 3:29), and of one (who, it is likely, was only a lodger) that he repaired over against his chamber, Neh 3:30. When a general good work is to be done each should apply himself to that part of it that falls nearest to him and is within his reach. If every one will sweep before his own door, the street will be clean; if every one will mend one, we shall be all mended. If he that has but a chamber will repair before that, he does his part.
X. Of one it is said that he earnestly repaired that which fell to his share (Neh 3:20) - he did it with an inflamed zeal; not that others were cold or indifferent, but he was the most vigorous of any of them and consequently made himself remarkable. It is good to be thus zealously affected in a good thin; and it is probable that this good man's zeal provoked very many to take the more pains and make the more haste.
XI. Of one of these builders it is observed that he was the sixth son of his father, Neh 3:30. His five elder brethren, it seems, laid not their hand to this work, but he did. In doing that which is good we need not stay to see our elders go before us; if they decline it, it does not therefore follow that we must. Thus the younger brother, if he be the better man, and does God and his generation better service, is indeed the better gentleman; those are most honourable that are most useful.
XII. Some of those that had first done helped their fellows, and undertook another share where they saw there was most need. Meremoth repaired, Neh 3:4. and again, Neh 3:21. And the Tekoites, besides the piece they repaired (Neh 3:5), undertook another piece (Neh 3:27), which is the more remarkable because their nobles set them a bad example by withdrawing from the service, which, instead of serving them for an excuse to sit still, perhaps made them the more forward to do double work, that by their zeal they might either shame or atone for the covetousness and carelessness of their nobles.
Lastly, Here is no mention of any particular share that Nehemiah himself had in this work. A name-sake of his is mentioned, Neh 3:16. But did he do nothing? Yes, though he undertook not any particular piece of the wall, yet he did more than any of them, for he had the oversight of them all; half of his servants worked where there was most need, and the other half stood sentinel, as we find afterwards (Neh 4:16), while he himself in his own person walked the rounds, directed and encouraged the builders, set his hand to the work where he saw occasion, and kept a watchful eye upon the motions of the enemy, as we shall find in the next chapter. The pilot needs not haul at a rope: it is enough for him to steer.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 1–32. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
Nehemiah 3:2 meticulously continues the detailed account of Jerusalem's wall reconstruction after the Babylonian exile, specifically identifying "the men of Jericho" and Zaccur the son of Imri as key contributors. This verse, part of a comprehensive roster of builders, underscores the collective and individual commitment to this monumental task, highlighting the widespread participation of diverse groups and individuals from across the territory in restoring the city's defenses, identity, and spiritual vitality.
CONTEXT
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
Nehemiah 3:2, as part of the larger chapter, primarily employs Cataloging or Listing, a literary device where a detailed inventory of individuals and groups, along with their specific contributions, is presented. This meticulous listing (e.g., "the men of Jericho," "Zaccur the son of Imri") serves to emphasize the comprehensive nature of the rebuilding effort, highlighting that virtually everyone participated and that no contribution was overlooked. It creates a sense of accountability and shared ownership. The Repetition of the phrase "next unto him" or "next to them" throughout the chapter is another key device. This anaphoric repetition not only provides a clear, sequential description of the work's progress around the wall but also powerfully reinforces the theme of unity, cooperation, and the contiguous, collaborative nature of the project. It visually (through text) portrays the seamless connection between each section of the wall and, by extension, between each contributing group or individual, underscoring the collective synergy required for such a monumental undertaking.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Nehemiah 3:2, in its specific mention of diverse contributors, powerfully illustrates the theological principle that God's great works are often accomplished through the collective, organized, and diligent efforts of His people. The physical rebuilding of Jerusalem's wall serves as an enduring metaphor for the spiritual rebuilding and establishment of God's kingdom and community. Just as each group and individual had a specific section to build, so too does every believer have a unique role and gift within the body of Christ, essential for the overall health and progress of the church. This verse reminds us that God calls us not only to individual faithfulness but also to collaborative service, where unity of purpose and shared responsibility are paramount for overcoming obstacles and achieving God-ordained goals. The success of the wall project was a testament to God's enabling grace working through the obedient hands of His people, demonstrating that when God's people work together in unity, His purposes are brought to fruition.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Nehemiah 3:2 offers profound lessons for contemporary believers. It reminds us that God's kingdom work, whether in our local churches, communities, or global missions, is a collective endeavor that requires the active participation of every member. Just as the men of Jericho and Zaccur the son of Imri contributed their labor to a specific section of the wall, so too are we called to identify our unique gifts, skills, and resources and faithfully apply them to the "building" tasks God has placed before us. This verse challenges any notion that only prominent leaders or certain individuals are responsible for God's work; rather, it underscores that every hand, every effort, and every "section" built contributes to the larger, overarching purpose. It encourages us to embrace unity, overcome divisions, and diligently work alongside one another, knowing that our individual contributions, when combined with the efforts of others, form something truly significant for God's glory and the flourishing of His people. Our faithfulness in our small "section" contributes to the grand design of God's redemptive plan.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why does Nehemiah 3 list so many names and groups, including those from outside Jerusalem?
Answer: Nehemiah 3 provides a meticulous list of builders for several reasons. Historically, it serves as a detailed record, acknowledging the specific contributions of various families, guilds, and towns, thus fostering accountability and celebrating their collective achievement. Theologically, it underscores the comprehensive nature of the rebuilding effort, demonstrating that the entire community, not just a select few, responded to God's call. The inclusion of groups like "the men of Jericho" Nehemiah 3:2 highlights the national scope of the project, signifying that the restoration of Jerusalem was a concern for all of Judah, not just its immediate residents. This broad participation was crucial for the success of such a massive undertaking, reflecting the unity and shared vision that Nehemiah had inspired (see Nehemiah 2:17-18).
Who was Zaccur the son of Imri, and what is the significance of his individual mention?
Answer: Zaccur the son of Imri is an individual specifically named in Nehemiah 3:2 as having built a section of the wall "next to them" (the men of Jericho). While he is not a figure extensively detailed elsewhere in biblical narrative, his individual mention is highly significant within the context of Nehemiah 3. It illustrates that the rebuilding effort was not solely carried out by large, anonymous groups but also involved the personal commitment and labor of specific individuals, likely heads of households or representatives of particular families or guilds. This highlights the principle of individual responsibility within a collective endeavor, emphasizing that every person's contribution, no matter how seemingly small or localized, was vital and recognized by God. It underscores the idea that God uses both corporate bodies and faithful individuals to accomplish His purposes, valuing each unique act of service.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The physical rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls in Nehemiah foreshadows the ultimate spiritual rebuilding and establishment of God's eternal kingdom through Jesus Christ. Just as the scattered exiles returned to rebuild a physical city, Christ came to gather His scattered people and build a spiritual house, the Church. Jesus himself declared, "I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it" (Matthew 16:18). The diverse groups and individuals in Nehemiah 3, each contributing to a specific section, prefigure the body of Christ, where believers are "living stones" being built into a spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ (1 Peter 2:5). Furthermore, Nehemiah's wall building was about breaking down barriers of vulnerability and shame; Christ, through His ultimate sacrifice, broke down the ultimate wall of hostility between God and humanity, and between Jew and Gentile, creating "one new humanity" in Himself (Ephesians 2:14-16). The diligent, unified labor of the people in Nehemiah points to the ongoing work of the Holy Spirit in empowering believers to build up the body of Christ, equipping the saints for the work of ministry, until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God (Ephesians 4:11-16). Ultimately, the earthly Jerusalem, with its rebuilt walls, points to the New Jerusalem, the heavenly city, which is not built by human hands but descends from God, a perfect and eternal dwelling where God Himself will dwell with His people (Revelation 21:2-3).