Micah 5:4

KJV

And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the LORD, in the majesty of the name of the LORD his God; and they shall abide: for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earth.

KJV (with Strong's)

And he shall stand {H5975} and feed {H7462} in the strength {H5797} of the LORD {H3068}, in the majesty {H1347} of the name {H8034} of the LORD {H3068} his God {H430}; and they shall abide {H3427}: for now shall he be great {H1431} unto the ends {H657} of the earth {H776}.

Complete Jewish Bible

He will stand and feed his flock in the strength of ADONAI, in the majesty of the name of ADONAI his God; and they will stay put, as he grows great to the very ends of the earth;

Berean Standard Bible

He will stand and shepherd His flock in the strength of the LORD, in the majestic name of the LORD His God. And they will dwell securely, for then His greatness will extend to the ends of the earth.

American Standard Version

And he shall stand, and shall feed his flock in the strength of Jehovah, in the majesty of the name of Jehovah his God: and they shall abide; for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earth.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Micah 5:4 presents a profound prophetic vision of the Messiah, the promised ruler, and the glorious nature of His reign. Following the prophecy of His humble birth in Bethlehem, this verse describes the divine empowerment, authoritative care, and universal dominion of this future leader, assuring God's people of lasting security and peace under His divinely-backed rule, which will extend to the very ends of the earth.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Micah 5:4 directly follows the pivotal prophecy in [Micah 5:2](/micah/5-2 "Micah 5:2 - Prophecy of the Messiah's Birth in Bethlehem") concerning the birth of a ruler from Bethlehem, who would "be ruler in Israel." While [Micah 5:3](/micah/5-3 "Micah 5:3 - The Time of Abandonment Before Deliverance") describes a temporary period of abandonment and suffering for God's people before this ruler's full emergence, Micah 5:4 immediately shifts to the glorious, stable, and universal reign of this Messianic figure. It provides a stark contrast to the preceding hardship, offering a vision of hope, restoration, and enduring security under a divinely empowered leader. The progression from the ruler's origin to the nature and extent of His reign demonstrates a clear theological and narrative development within the chapter.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Micah prophesied during the tumultuous reigns of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (around 740-687 BC), a period marked by significant political instability, social injustice, and the looming threat of Assyrian invasion. Both Israel (the Northern Kingdom) and Judah (the Southern Kingdom) faced moral decay and spiritual apostasy. The people longed for a righteous king, a true shepherd who would deliver them from oppression and restore the nation to its former glory, echoing the ideal of the Davidic covenant. The imagery of a shepherd was deeply resonant in ancient Israel, as kings were often referred to as "shepherds" of their people, responsible for their well-being and protection. The promise of a ruler whose greatness would extend "unto the ends of the earth" would have been particularly comforting to a people facing the prospect of exile and the diminishment of their national identity.
* **Key Themes:** This verse contributes significantly to several major theological and narrative themes within Micah and the broader prophetic literature. First, it underscores the theme of **Messianic Expectation**, detailing the character and scope of the promised deliverer's reign, building upon the foundation laid in [Micah 5:2](/micah/5-2 "Micah 5:2 - The Messiah's Bethlehem Origin"). Second, it highlights the **Divine Sovereignty and Empowerment** of this ruler, emphasizing that His authority and strength are not humanly derived but flow directly from the LORD. This aligns with the broader biblical truth that true leadership is ultimately from God, as seen in [Psalm 72](/psalms/72 "Psalm 72 - A Prayer for the King's Righteous Reign"). Third, the imagery of "stand and feed" reinforces the theme of the **Shepherd-King**, portraying the Messiah as a compassionate yet authoritative leader who actively cares for and governs His people, a motif found throughout the Old Testament (e.g., [Psalm 23](/psalms/23 "Psalm 23 - The Lord is My Shepherd")). Finally, the declaration of His greatness extending "unto the ends of the earth" introduces the theme of **Universal Dominion and Global Impact**, foreshadowing a kingdom that transcends national boundaries and is recognized by all peoples, a vision echoed in prophecies like [Zechariah 9:10](/zechariah/9-10 "Zechariah 9:10 - The King's Universal Dominion").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Stand (Hebrew, _ʻâmad'_):** From H5975, this primitive root means "to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive); abide (behind), appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed, endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be) present (self), raise up, remain, repair, [phrase] serve, set (forth, over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-) stand (by, fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry." In Micah 5:4, "stand" signifies the Messiah's firm establishment in His position of authority, indicating stability, permanence, and active presence in His role as ruler and shepherd. It implies a steadfast, unwavering posture of leadership.
* **Feed (Hebrew, _râʻâh'_):** From H7462, this primitive root means "to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend); [idiom] break, companion, keep company with, devour, eat up, evil entreat, feed, use as a friend, make friendship with, herdman, keep (sheep) (-er), pastor, [phrase] shearing house, shepherd, wander, waste." This word is central to the shepherd imagery, conveying the active provision, protection, and guidance of a shepherd for his flock. Crucially, it also carries the broader sense of "ruling" or "governing," thus portraying the Messiah as a compassionate yet authoritative King who provides for and leads His people.
* **Majesty (Hebrew, _gâʼôwn'_):** From H1347, this word means "arrogance or majesty; by implication, (concretely) ornament; arrogancy, excellency(-lent), majesty, pomp, pride, proud, swelling." When used in connection with God or His representative, "majesty" denotes divine splendor, excellency, and glorious dignity. It speaks to the awe-inspiring and magnificent character of the LORD, whose very name embodies supreme power and authority. Here, it highlights that the Messiah's rule is not merely strong but also glorious, reflecting the inherent glory of God Himself.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And he shall stand and feed":** This clause introduces the Messiah's active and authoritative role. "Stand" denotes His firm establishment and enduring presence as ruler, while "feed" employs the powerful metaphor of a shepherd, signifying His tender care, provision, and governance over His people. He will actively nurture and lead them.
* **"in the strength of the LORD, in the majesty of the name of the LORD his God":** This crucial phrase reveals the source and nature of the Messiah's authority. His ability to "stand and feed" is not inherent in Himself alone but is entirely derived from and empowered by the omnipotent "strength" (`ʻôz`) of Yahweh (the LORD). Furthermore, His rule is exercised "in the majesty" (`gâʼôwn`) of the very "name" (`shêm`) of the LORD, encapsulating God's character, authority, and glorious presence. This underscores the divine backing and invincibility of His reign.
* **"and they shall abide":** This promises a profound outcome for God's people under the Messiah's rule. "Abide" (`yâshab`) implies dwelling securely, permanently, and at peace. No longer scattered, oppressed, or in exile, the people will find lasting stability and safety under their divinely empowered Shepherd-King.
* **"for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earth":** This final clause declares the boundless extent and universal recognition of the Messiah's dominion. His greatness (`gâdal`) will not be confined to Israel but will expand globally, reaching "unto the ends of the earth" (`ʼepheç` `ʼerets`). This signifies a worldwide acknowledgment of His supreme authority and the universal scope of His kingdom.

#### Literary Devices
Micah 5:4 is rich in literary artistry that enhances its prophetic message. The most prominent device is **Metaphor**, specifically the **Shepherd Metaphor**. The phrases "stand and feed" immediately evoke the image of a shepherd caring for his flock, which is a common biblical metaphor for a king or leader. This portrays the Messiah as one who not only rules with authority but also provides, protects, and guides His people with compassionate vigilance. Another significant device is **Hyperbole** in the phrase "unto the ends of the earth." While literally impossible for a human king, this exaggeration effectively conveys the boundless, universal, and all-encompassing nature of the Messiah's future dominion. Furthermore, the repetition of "the LORD" and the emphasis on "strength" and "majesty of the name" constitute a form of **Divine Attribute Emphasis** or **Theophany**, highlighting the direct involvement and power of God Himself in empowering the Messiah's reign, underscoring its divine origin and invincibility.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Micah 5:4 is a cornerstone prophecy, deeply embedding the future Messiah's reign within the broader theological narrative of God's covenant faithfulness and redemptive plan. It portrays a ruler whose authority is not merely human but divinely invested, ensuring a reign characterized by strength, majesty, and enduring peace. The imagery of the Shepherd-King establishes a profound connection between leadership and compassionate care, echoing God's own relationship with His people. This verse speaks to the ultimate triumph of God's kingdom, where His chosen King will bring about an era of security and universal recognition, fulfilling ancient promises of a righteous ruler who would gather and protect His flock. It is a powerful declaration of hope, affirming that despite present trials, God's ultimate purpose for His people will be realized through His empowered Messiah.

* [Ezekiel 34:23](/ezekiel/34-23 "Ezekiel 34:23 - The One Shepherd, My Servant David")
* [Psalm 72:8](/psalms/72-8 "Psalm 72:8 - Universal Dominion of the King")
* [Isaiah 9:6-7](/isaiah/9-6-7 "Isaiah 9:6-7 - The Everlasting Kingdom of the Prince of Peace")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Micah 5:4 offers profound comfort and direction for believers in every age. It reminds us that our ultimate security and well-being are found not in human institutions or fleeting earthly powers, but in the sovereign rule of Jesus Christ, the promised Messiah. As our Shepherd-King, He stands firm in His authority, empowered by the infinite "strength of the LORD" and operating in the glorious "majesty of the name of the LORD his God." This truth allows us to "abide" in peace, trusting that His care is perfect, His provision unfailing, and His protection absolute. His reign is not limited by earthly boundaries or human weakness; it is universal and eternal. Therefore, we are called to submit to His loving leadership, to find our rest and purpose in His presence, and to live with the confident expectation that His greatness will one day be fully acknowledged "unto the ends of the earth," bringing lasting peace, righteousness, and justice to all creation.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the imagery of Jesus as a Shepherd-King, "standing and feeding," bring you comfort and security in your daily life?**
* **What does it mean for Jesus' authority to be "in the strength of the LORD" and "in the majesty of the name of the LORD his God" for your trust in His leadership?**
* **In what ways can you "abide" more deeply in Christ's presence and provision, trusting in the security He offers?**
* **How does the prophecy of His greatness extending "unto the ends of the earth" shape your perspective on God's global mission and your role within it?**

### FAQ
**Who is the "he" referred to in Micah 5:4?**

Answer: The "he" in Micah 5:4 refers to the Messiah, the promised ruler whose birth in Bethlehem was prophesied in [Micah 5:2](/micah/5-2 "Micah 5:2 - The Messiah's Bethlehem Origin"). This figure is the ultimate Shepherd-King, a descendant of David, who would deliver God's people and establish an everlasting kingdom. Christians universally identify this "he" with Jesus Christ, who perfectly fulfills these ancient prophecies.

**What does it mean for "they shall abide" under this ruler?**

Answer: "They shall abide" signifies that God's people will dwell securely, permanently, and peacefully under the Messiah's rule. The Hebrew word `yâshab` (H3427) implies settling down, dwelling, remaining, or enduring. In the context of Micah, who prophesied during a time of great instability and impending exile, this was a promise of lasting security, protection, and rest for the flock under their divine Shepherd. It speaks to a future where God's people are no longer scattered or oppressed but are gathered and kept safe in His presence.

**How does this prophecy relate to the concept of God's kingdom?**

Answer: Micah 5:4 directly describes the nature and extent of God's kingdom as established through the Messiah. The Messiah's rule is characterized by divine strength and majesty, ensuring a righteous and invincible reign. The promise that "he shall be great unto the ends of the earth" points to the universal and boundless scope of this kingdom, which will ultimately encompass all nations and peoples. This aligns with other Old Testament prophecies of a global kingdom where God's will is perfectly executed, as seen in [Daniel 2:44](/daniel/2-44 "Daniel 2:44 - The Kingdom That Will Never Be Destroyed") and [Psalm 2:8](/psalms/2-8 "Psalm 2:8 - Universal Dominion Promised to the Son").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Micah 5:4 finds its glorious and complete fulfillment in Jesus Christ, the promised Messiah. He is the one who truly "stands and feeds" His flock, embodying the perfect Shepherd-King. As the Good Shepherd, Jesus declared, "[I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep](/john/10-11 "John 10:11 - Jesus the Good Shepherd")," demonstrating His active care, provision, and ultimate sacrifice for His people. His authority is not of human origin but is exercised "in the strength of the LORD, in the majesty of the name of the LORD his God," for He is God incarnate, "[the Word who was God and was with God](/john/1-1 "John 1:1 - The Word Was God")" and "[in whom all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell](/colossians/1-19 "Colossians 1:19 - All Fullness Dwells in Christ")". After His resurrection, Jesus proclaimed, "[All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me](/matthew/28-18 "Matthew 28:18 - All Authority Given to Jesus")," perfectly aligning with Micah's prophecy of divine empowerment. Under His reign, believers "abide" in Him, finding true security and eternal life, as Jesus promised, "[I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand](/john/10-28 "John 10:28 - Eternal Security in Christ's Hand")". Finally, the declaration that "he shall be great unto the ends of the earth" foreshadows the universal scope of Christ's kingdom and His ultimate exaltation. The New Testament affirms that "[every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father](/philippians/2-10-11 "Philippians 2:10-11 - Jesus' Exaltation and Universal Lordship")", confirming that His greatness and dominion indeed extend to the uttermost parts of the world, culminating in the day when "[the kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign forever and ever](/revelation/11-15 "Revelation 11:15 - The Kingdom of the World Becomes the Kingdom of Christ")".

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Isaiah 40:10

Behold, the Lord GOD will come with strong [hand], and his arm shall rule for him: behold, his reward [is] with him, and his work before him.

Isaiah 40:11

He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry [them] in his bosom, [and] shall gently lead those that are with young.

Micah 7:14

¶ Feed thy people with thy rod, the flock of thine heritage, which dwell solitarily [in] the wood, in the midst of Carmel: let them feed [in] Bashan and Gilead, as in the days of old.

Luke 1:32

He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David:

Psalms 23:1

¶ A Psalm of David. The LORD [is] my shepherd; I shall not want.

Psalms 23:2

He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.

Revelation 11:15

And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become [the kingdoms] of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever.