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Translation
King James Version
And when they could not come nigh unto him for the press, they uncovered the roof where he was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed wherein the sick of the palsy lay.
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KJV (with Strong's)
And G2532 when they could G1410 not G3361 come nigh G4331 unto him G846 for G1223 the press G3793, they uncovered G648 the roof G4721 where G3699 he was G2258: and G2532 when they had broken it up G1846, they let down G5465 the bed G2895 wherein G1909 G3739 the sick of the palsy G3885 lay G2621.
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Complete Jewish Bible
They could not get near Yeshua because of the crowd, so they stripped the roof over the place where he was, made an opening, and lowered the stretcher with the paralytic lying on it.
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Berean Standard Bible
Since they were unable to get to Jesus through the crowd, they uncovered the roof above Him, made an opening, and lowered the paralytic on his mat.
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American Standard Version
And when they could not come nigh unto him for the crowd, they uncovered the roof where he was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed whereon the sick of the palsy lay.
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World English Bible Messianic
When they could not come near to him for the crowd, they removed the roof where he was. When they had broken it up, they let down the mat that the paralytic was lying on.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
And because they could not come neere vnto him for the multitude, they vncouered ye roofe of the house where hee was: and when they had broken it open, they let downe the bed, wherein the sicke of the palsie lay.
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Young's Literal Translation
and not being able to come near to him because of the multitude, they uncovered the roof where he was, and, having broken it up, they let down the couch on which the paralytic was lying,
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Matthew 13:1-9, Mark 1:35-39, Mark 2:1-12, Mark 2:13-17, Mark 4:1-20, Mark 4:21-25, Mark 4:26-34, Luke 7:1-09
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In the KJVVerse 24,265 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

Mark 2:4 vividly portrays the extraordinary faith and determined ingenuity of four friends who sought healing for their paralyzed companion. Faced with an impenetrable crowd blocking the doorway to Jesus, they resorted to an audacious plan: ascending to the roof of the house where Jesus was teaching, dismantling a section of it, and carefully lowering the paralytic on his mat directly into the Lord's presence. This dramatic act underscores their unwavering conviction in Jesus' power and their profound commitment to their friend's well-being, setting the stage for one of Jesus' most significant demonstrations of authority over both sickness and sin.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: This verse is situated early in Mark's Gospel, immediately following Jesus' initial ministry in Capernaum, a bustling fishing village that served as his base of operations in Galilee. Mark 1 details Jesus' powerful teaching and numerous healings, establishing his growing fame and the increasing crowds that followed him. By Mark 2:1, Jesus has returned to Capernaum, and the news of his presence quickly draws such a multitude that the house is "no longer able to hold them, not even at the door" (implied from the need to go through the roof). This escalating popularity and the resulting physical barrier set the immediate scene for the desperate actions of the friends, highlighting the intense demand for Jesus' ministry and the lengths people would go to encounter him. The subsequent verses in Mark 2:5-12 reveal Jesus' response, not only healing the man but also declaring his sins forgiven, which sparks controversy among the scribes present, further developing the theme of Jesus' divine authority.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: First-century Galilean homes, particularly in Capernaum, were typically simple, single-story structures built of stone or mud-brick, often with flat roofs. These roofs were constructed from wooden beams, layers of brushwood, packed earth, and sometimes clay tiles. They were commonly used for various purposes, including sleeping, drying produce, or simply as extra living space, and were often accessible by an external staircase. The act of "uncovering the roof" (Gk. apostegázō) and "breaking it up" (Gk. exorýssō) would have been a significant, laborious, and messy undertaking, involving the removal of heavy materials and creating a substantial hole. This was not a minor act of removing a few tiles but a destructive and public display of desperation. Furthermore, the "press" (Gk. óchlos) refers to a dense, unmanageable crowd, typical of public gatherings around popular figures in that era. For a paralytic, who was often marginalized and considered ritually unclean, this act of public display and disruption was an extraordinary breach of social norms, underscoring the friends' radical commitment.
  • Key Themes: Mark 2:4 powerfully contributes to several key themes within the Gospel. Firstly, it exemplifies Extraordinary Faith, not just of the paralytic, but primarily of his four friends. Their conviction in Jesus' power to heal was so absolute that they overcame a physical impossibility, demonstrating a belief that Jesus was their only hope. This faith is explicitly acknowledged by Jesus in Mark 2:5. Secondly, the verse highlights Persistent Determination in the face of obstacles. The crowd was an insurmountable barrier, yet the friends refused to be deterred, showcasing a resourceful and tenacious spirit that finds a way where there seems to be none. This persistence is a model for seeking God's intervention in seemingly impossible situations. Thirdly, it beautifully illustrates Intercessory Friendship and Community. The friends acted as conduits of grace, bearing the burden of their helpless companion and literally bringing him into the presence of the Healer. This emphasizes the vital role of mutual support and sacrificial love within a community of faith, where believers actively facilitate another's encounter with Christ, mirroring the call to "bear one another's burdens" found in Galatians 6:2.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • press (Greek, óchlos', G3793): This term (G3793) denotes a "throng" or "multitude," often implying a dense, unmanageable crowd or even a "rabble." In this context, it emphasizes the sheer physical barrier that prevented conventional access to Jesus. It highlights the overwhelming popularity of Jesus and the desperate lengths people had to go to reach him, underscoring the severity of the obstacle the friends faced.
  • broken it up (Greek, exorýssō', G1846): This verb (G1846) literally means "to dig out," but in this context, it specifically refers to "removing roofing" or "uncovering." It implies a significant, laborious, and destructive act, not merely lifting a few tiles. This word emphasizes the immense effort, determination, and perhaps even audacity of the friends, who were willing to cause considerable damage and inconvenience to achieve their goal.
  • bed (Greek, krábbatos', G2895): This word (G2895) refers to a "mattress" or a "pallet," typically a simple, portable sleeping mat used by common people. Its mention here underscores the humble state of the paralytic and the practical, unceremonious means by which he was transported. It also highlights his complete helplessness, as he was unable to move himself and relied entirely on this simple conveyance and his friends.

Verse Breakdown

  • "And when they could not come nigh unto him for the press": This opening clause establishes the central conflict and the immediate obstacle. The "press" (Gk. óchlos) signifies an overwhelming crowd, making any conventional approach to Jesus impossible. The friends' inability to "come nigh" (Gk. prosengízō) underscores the physical barrier and the desperation of their situation, setting the stage for their unconventional solution.
  • "they uncovered the roof where he was": This phrase describes the friends' audacious and resourceful solution to the crowd problem. Instead of giving up, they identified an alternative route, demonstrating their unwavering determination. "Uncovered the roof" (Gk. apostegázō) implies a deliberate and significant act of removing the roof's covering, indicating their commitment to overcoming the physical barrier.
  • "and when they had broken [it] up": This clause further emphasizes the physical effort involved in their task. The verb "broken up" (Gk. exorýssō) suggests a forceful and potentially destructive act of digging out or dismantling the roof structure. This was not a gentle removal but a determined, laborious process, highlighting the depth of their commitment and the lengths they were willing to go.
  • "they let down the bed wherein the sick of the palsy lay": This final clause describes the culmination of their plan. "Let down" (Gk. chaláō) indicates a controlled descent, implying care and precision despite the disruptive method. The "bed" (Gk. krábbatos) signifies the paralytic's helplessness and dependence, while "wherein the sick of the palsy (Gk. paralytikós) lay" clearly identifies the object of their intercession and the recipient of the impending miracle.

Literary Devices

Mark 2:4 is rich in Dramatic Action, depicting a scene of intense physical effort and unwavering resolve. The vivid imagery of the friends scaling the roof, dismantling it, and lowering the man creates a powerful visual in the reader's mind, emphasizing the extraordinary nature of their faith. The Obstacle/Resolution Narrative is central, as the impenetrable crowd serves as a formidable barrier that is dramatically overcome by the friends' ingenuity. There is also an element of Symbolism: the "roof" can be seen as a symbol of conventional barriers and human limitations, which are literally "broken up" by faith. The "bed" itself, a humble and often overlooked object, becomes a powerful symbol of human helplessness and dependence, yet also the very means by which the paralytic is brought to the source of healing. The entire episode serves as a Foreshadowing of Jesus' authority not only over physical ailments but also over the spiritual barriers of sin, which he addresses in the subsequent verses.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

Mark 2:4 stands as a profound testament to the power of intercessory faith and the lengths to which true compassion will go. The friends' actions embody a radical trust in Jesus' ability to heal, demonstrating that genuine faith is not passive but active, resourceful, and persistent in the face of seemingly insurmountable obstacles. Their willingness to disrupt social norms and incur significant effort for the sake of another reflects the very heart of the Gospel: bringing the helpless and broken into the healing presence of Christ. This passage underscores that God often responds to desperate, audacious faith, not just individual belief, but also the collective, burden-bearing faith of a community. It challenges believers to consider what "roofs" they might need to "uncover"—what conventional barriers or personal discomforts they might need to overcome—to bring others to Jesus.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

The narrative in Mark 2:4 offers a compelling blueprint for how believers can live out their faith in practical, impactful ways today. It calls us to embody the same tenacious, problem-solving spirit as the four friends. In a world filled with spiritual and physical paralysis, we are challenged to ask ourselves: What obstacles are we willing to overcome to bring others to the transformative power of Jesus? This might involve stepping out of our comfort zones, investing significant time and resources, or even enduring social awkwardness or criticism. The story reminds us that our faith is not meant to be a private affair but a communal journey, where we actively bear one another's burdens and facilitate encounters with the Lord. It encourages us to pray with unwavering persistence, to serve with sacrificial love, and to share the Gospel with creative determination, trusting that God honors such audacious faith.

Questions for Reflection

  • What "roofs" or obstacles in your life, or in the lives of those you know, might God be calling you to "uncover" or overcome to bring someone closer to Jesus?
  • How might you cultivate the kind of persistent and resourceful faith demonstrated by the friends in this passage, especially when facing seemingly impossible situations?
  • In what ways can your community of faith better embody the intercessory and burden-bearing love shown by these four friends?
  • Are there individuals in your life who are "paralyzed" by sin, despair, or circumstance, whom you need to intentionally bring before the Lord in prayer or action?

FAQ

What was a typical roof like in Jesus' time, and how difficult would it have been to break through it?

Answer: First-century Palestinian homes, especially in Capernaum, typically had flat roofs made of wooden beams, layers of brushwood, packed earth, and sometimes clay tiles. These roofs were sturdy and could support weight, often used for various household activities or as extra space. Breaking through such a roof, as described in Mark 2:4, would have been a significant and laborious undertaking. It wasn't a matter of simply lifting a few lightweight tiles but involved digging through compacted earth and possibly dismantling wooden supports. This act would have been messy, disruptive, and required considerable effort, underscoring the extraordinary determination and desperation of the friends.

Why didn't Jesus just heal the paralytic from a distance, or why did the friends need to go to such extreme measures?

Answer: While Jesus certainly had the power to heal from a distance (as seen in Matthew 8:5-13 with the centurion's servant), the narrative in Mark 2:4 emphasizes the human element of faith and persistence. The extreme measures taken by the friends highlight their profound and active belief in Jesus' power. Their audacious act served as a visible demonstration of their unwavering faith, which Jesus explicitly acknowledges in Mark 2:5. This dramatic scene not only underscores the desperate need for healing but also powerfully illustrates the kind of tenacious faith that seeks out Jesus regardless of the obstacles, providing a profound lesson for all who seek God's intervention.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

The dramatic scene in Mark 2:4, where a paralytic is lowered through a roof to reach Jesus, finds its ultimate Christ-centered fulfillment in the profound truth that Jesus is the one who breaks through all barriers to bring healing and forgiveness. Just as the physical roof was a barrier to the paralytic's access to healing, sin creates an impenetrable barrier between humanity and God. The friends' audacious act of breaking through the roof foreshadows Jesus' own mission to break through the ultimate barrier of sin and death. He is the one who, through His atoning sacrifice on the cross, "uncovered" the way to God, tearing the veil of the temple (see Matthew 27:51) and opening a new and living way for us to draw near to God (as described in Hebrews 10:19-20). The physical healing of the paralytic points to the spiritual healing and forgiveness of sins that Jesus offers to all who come to Him by faith, for "by His wounds we are healed" (1 Peter 2:24). Furthermore, the intercessory role of the friends, bringing the helpless man to Jesus, beautifully prefigures Christ's own ongoing role as our great High Priest and Intercessor, who ever lives to make intercession for us before the Father (Hebrews 7:25). Thus, Mark 2:4 is not merely a story of physical healing but a powerful illustration of Jesus' divine authority to overcome all obstacles—physical, social, and spiritual—to bring salvation and restoration to humanity.

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Commentary on Mark 2 verses 1–12

Christ, having been for some time preaching about in the country, here returns to Capernaum his head-quarters, and makes his appearance there, in hopes that by this time the talk and crowd would be somewhat abated. Now observe,

I. The great resort there was to him. Though he was in the house, wither Peter's house, or some lodgings of his own which he had taken, yet people came to him as soon as it was noised that he was in town; they did not stay till he appeared in the synagogue, which they might be sure he would do on the sabbath day, but straightway many were gathered together to him. Where the king is, there is the court; where Shiloh is, there shall the gathering of the people be. In improving opportunities for our souls, we must take care not to lose time. One invited another (Come, let us go see Jesus), so that his house could not contain his visitants. There was no room to receive them, they were so numerous, no not so much as about the door. A blessed sight, to see people thus flying like a cloud to Christ's house, though it was but a poor one, and as the doves to their windows!

II. The good entertainment Christ gave them, the best his house would afford, and better than any other could; he preached the word unto them, Mar 2:2. Many of them perhaps came only for cures, and many perhaps only for curiosity, to get a sight of him; but when he had them together he preached to them. Though the synagogue-door was open to him at proper times, he thought it not at all amiss to preach in a house, on a week day; though some might reckon it both an improper place and an improper time. Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters, Isa 32:20.

III. The presenting of a poor cripple to him, to be helped by him. The patient was one sick of the palsy, it should seem not as that, Mat 8:6, grievously tormented, but perfectly disabled, so that he was borne of four, was carried upon a bed, as if he had been upon a bier, by four persons. It was his misery, that he needed to be so carried, and bespeaks the calamitous state of human life; it was their charity, who did so carry him, and bespeaks the compassion that it is justly expected should be in the children of men toward their fellow-creatures in distress, because we know not how soon the distress may be our own. These kind relations or neighbours thought, if they could but carry this poor man once to Christ, they should not need to carry him any more; and therefore made hard shift to get him to him; and when they could not otherwise get to him, they uncovered the roof where he was, Mar 2:4. I see no necessity to conclude that Christ was preaching in an upper room, though in such the Jews that had stately houses, had their oratories; for then to what purpose should the crowd stand before the door, as wisdom's clients used to do? Pro 8:34. But I rather conjecture that the house he was in, was so little and mean (agreeable to his present state), that it had no upper room, but the ground-floor was open to the roof: and these petitioners for the poor paralytic, resolving not to be disappointed, when they could not get through the crowd at the door, got their friend by some means or other to the roof of the house, took off some of the tiles, and so let him down upon his bed with cords into the house where Christ was preaching. This bespoke both their faith and their fervency in this address to Christ. Hereby it appeared that they were in earnest, and would not go away, nor let Christ go without a blessing. Gen 32:26.

IV. The kind word Christ said to this poor patient; He saw their faith; perhaps not so much his, for his distemper hindered him from the exercise of faith, but theirs that brought him. In curing the centurion's servant, Christ took notice of it as an instance of his faith, that he did not bring him to Christ, but believed he could cure him at a distance; here he commended their faith, because they did bring their friend through so much difficulty. Note, True faith and strong faith may work variously, conquering sometimes the objections of reason, sometimes those of sense; but, however manifested, it shall be accepted and approved by Jesus Christ. Christ said, Son, thy sins be forgiven thee. The compellation is very tender-Son; intimating a fatherly care of him and concern for him. Christ owns true believers as his sons: a son, and yet sick of the palsy. Herein God deals with you as with sons. The cordial is very rich; Thy sins are forgiven thee. Note, 1. Sin is the procuring cause of all our pains and sicknesses. The word of Christ was to take his thoughts off from the disease, which was the effect, and to lead them to the sin, the cause, that he might be more concerned about that, to get that pardoned. 2. God doth then graciously take away the sting and malignity of sickness, when he forgives sin; recovery from sickness is then a mercy indeed, when way is made for it by the pardon of sin. See Isa 38:17; Psa 103:3. The way to remove the effect, is, to take away the cause. Pardon of sin strikes at the root of all diseases, and either cures them, or alters their property.

V. The cavil of the scribes at that which Christ said, and a demonstration of the unreasonableness of their cavil. They were expositors of the law, and their doctrine was true - that it is blasphemy for any creature to undertake the pardon of sin, and that it is God's prerogative, Isa 43:25. But, as is usual with such teachers, their application was false, and was the effect of their ignorance and enmity to Christ. It is true, None can forgive sins but God only; but it is false that therefore Christ cannot, who had abundantly proved himself to have a divine power. But Christ perceived in his spirit that they so reasoned within themselves; this proves him to be God, and therefore confirmed what was to be proved, that he had authority to forgive sins; for he searched the heart, and knew what was in man, Rev 2:23. God's royalties are inseparable, and he that could know thoughts, could forgive sins. This magnifies the grace of Christ, in pardoning sin, that he knew men's thoughts, and therefore knows more than any other can know, both of the sinfulness of their sins and the particulars of them, and yet is ready to pardon. Now he proves his power to forgive sin, by demonstrating his power to cure the man sick of the palsy, Mar 2:9-11. He would not have pretended to do the one, if he could not have done the other; that ye may know that the Son of man, the Messiah, has power on earth to forgive sin, that I have that power, Thou that art sick of the palsy, arise, take up thy bed. Now, 1. This was a suitable argument in itself. He could not have cured the disease, which was the effect, if he could not have taken away the sin, which was the cause. And besides, his curing diseases was a figure of his pardoning sin, for sin is the disease of the soul; when it is pardoned, it is healed. He that could by a word accomplish the sign, could doubtless perform the thing signified, 2. It was suited to them. These carnal scribes would be more affected with such a suitable effect of a pardon as the cure of the disease, and be sooner convinced by it, than by any other more spiritual consequences; therefore it was proper enough to appeal, whether it is easier to say, Thy sins are forgiven thee, or to say, Arise, and walk? The removing of the punishment as such, was the remitting of the sin; he that could go so far in the cure, no doubt could perfect it. See Isa 33:24.

VI. The cure of the sick man, and the impression it made upon the people, Mar 2:12. He not only arise out of his bed, perfectly well, but, to show that he had perfect strength restored to him, he took up his bed, because it lay in the way, and went forth before them all; and they were all amazed, as well they might, and glorified God, as indeed they ought; saying, "We never saw it on this fashion; never were such wonders as these done before in our time." Note, Christ's works were without precedent. When we see what he does in healing souls, we must own that we never saw the like.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 1–12. Public domain.
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Pseudo-Jerome (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Again, the palsy is a type of the torpor, in which man lies slothful in the softness of the flesh, though desiring health.
John Chrysostom (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 407
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
(non occ.) Further, He first healed by the remission of sins that which He had come to seek, that is, a soul, so that when they faithlessly doubted, then He might bring forward a work before them, and in this way His word might be confirmed by the work, and a hidden sign be proved by an open one, that is, the health of the soul by the healing of the body.
Pseudo-Chrysostom (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 500
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
(Vict. Aut. e Cat. in Marc.) Or else, Matthew called Capernaum His city because He went there frequently, and there did many miracles. It goes on: And it was noised that he was in the house, &c. For the desire of hearing Him was stronger than the toil of approaching Him. After this, they introduce the paralytic, of whom Matthew and Luke speak; wherefore there follows: And they came unto him bearing one sick of the palsy, who was carried by four. Finding the door blocked up by the crowd, they could not by any means enter that way. Those who carried him, however, hoping that he could merit the grace of being healed, raising the bed with their burden, and uncovering the roof, lay him with his bed before the face of the Saviour. And this is that which is added: And when they could not lay him before him, &c. There follows: But when Jesus saw their faith, he said to the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be forgiven thee. He did not mean the faith of the sick man, but of his bearers; for it sometimes happens, that a man is healed by the faith of another.

(Vict. Ant. e Cat. in Marc.) And because it is easier to say than to do, there was still manifestly something to say in opposition, for the work was not yet manifested; wherefore He subjoins, But that ye may know, &c. as if He said, Since ye doubt my word, I will bring on a work which will confirm what was unseen. But He says in a marked manner, On earth to forgive sins, that He might show that He has joined the power of the divinity to the human nature by an inseparable union, because although He was made man, yet He remained the Word of God; and although by an economy He conversed on the earth with men, nevertheless He was not prevented from working miracles and from giving remission of sins. For His human nature did not in any thing take away from these things which essentially belonged to His Divinity, nor the Divinity hinder the Word of God from becoming on earth, according to the flesh, the Son of Man without change and in truth.
Bede (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 735
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
(in Marc. 1. 10) Because the compassion of God deserts not even carnal persons, He accords to them the grace of His presence, by which even they may be made spiritual. After the desert, the Lord returns into the city; wherefore it is said, And again he entered into Capernaum, &c.

(ubi sup.) It may indeed be seen, how much each person's own faith weighs with God, when that of another had such influence that the whole man at once rose up, healed body and soul, and by one man's merit, another should have his sins forgiven him.

(ubi sup.) Moreover, the Lord being about to cure the man of the palsy, first loosed the chains of his sins, in order to show that he was condemned to the loosening of his joints, because of the bonds of his sins, and could not be healed to the recovery of his limbs, unless these were first loosened. But Christ's wonderful humility calls this man, despised, weak, with all the joints of his limbs unstrung, a son, when the priests did not deign to touch him. Or at least, He therefore calls him a son, because his sins are forgiven him. It goes on: But there were certain of the scribes sitting there, and reasoning in their hearts, Why doth this man speak blasphemies?

(ubi sup.) Who remits sin by those also to whom He has assigned the power of remitting, and therefore Christ is proved to be very God, for He is able to remit sins as God. The Jews then are in error, who although they hold the Christ both to be God, and to be able to remit sins, do not however believe that Jesus is the Christ. But the Arians err much more madly, who although overwhelmed with the words of the Evangelist, so that they cannot deny that Jesus is the Christ, and can remit sin, nevertheless fear not to deny that He is God. But He Himself, desiring to shame the traitors both by His knowledge of things hidden and by the virtue of His works, manifests Himself to be God. For there follows: And immediately when Jesus perceived in his spirit that they so reasoned, he said unto them, Why reason ye these things in your hearts? In which He shows Himself to be God, since He can know the hidden things of the heart; and in a manner though silent He speaks thus, With the same power and majesty, by which I look upon your thoughts, I can forgive the sins of men.

(ubi sup.) A carnal sign therefore is given, that the spiritual sign may be proved, although it belongs to the same power to do away with the distempers of both soul and body; whence it follows: And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them all.

(ubi sup.) We are also informed, that many sicknesses of body arise from sins, and therefore perhaps sins are first remitted, that the causes of sickness being taken away, health may be restored. For men are afflicted by fleshly troubles for five causes, in order to increase their merits, as Job and the Martyrs; or to preserve their lowliness, as Paul by the messenger of Satan; or that they may perceive and correct their sins, as Miriam, the sister of Moses, and this paralytic; or for the glory of God, as the man born blind and Lazarus; or as the beginnings of the pains of damnation, as Herod and Antiochus. But wonderful is the virtue of the Divine power, where without the least interval of time, by the command of the Saviour, a speedy health accompanies His words. Wherefore there follows: Insomuch that they were all amazed. Leaving the greater thing, that is, the remission of sins, they only wonder at that which is apparent, that is, the health of the body.

(ubi sup.) Moreover, whilst the Lord is preaching in the house, there is not room for them, not even at the door, because whilst Christ is preaching in Judæa, the Gentiles are not yet able to enter to hear Him, to whom, however, though placed without, he directed the words of His doctrine by His preachers.

Or else, because there are four virtues, by which a man is through an assured heart exalted so that he merits safety; which virtues some call prudence, fortitude, temperance, and justice. Again, they desire to bring the palsied man to Christ, but they are impeded on every side by the crowd which is between them, because often the soul desires to be renewed by the medicine of Divine grace, but through the sluggishness of the grovelling body is held back by the hindrance of old custom. Oftentimes amidst the very sweetnesses of secret prayer, and, as it may be called, the pleasant converse with God, a crowd of thoughts, cutting off the clear vision of the mind, shuts out Christ from its sight. Let us not then remain in the lowest ground, where the crowds are bustling, but aim at the roof of the house, that is, the sublimity of the Holy Scripture, and meditate on the law of the Lord.

(ubi sup.) Or else, the sick man is let down after the roof is opened, because, when the Scriptures are laid open to us, we arrive at the knowledge of Christ, that is, we descend to His lowliness, by the dutifulness of faith. But by the sick man being let down with his bed, it is meant that Christ should be known by man, whilst yet in the flesh. But by rising from the bed is meant the soul's rousing itself from carnal desires, in which it was lying in sickness. To take up the bed is to bridle the flesh itself by the bands of continence, and to separate it from earthly pleasures, through the hope of heavenly rewards. But to take up the bed and to go home is to return to paradise. Or else the man, now healed, who had been sick carries back home his bed, when the soul, after receiving remission of sins, returns, even though encompassed with the body, to its internal watch over itself.
Theophylact of Ohrid (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 1107
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
He saw the faith of the sick man himself, since he would not have allowed himself to be carried, unless he had had faith to be healed.

But though their thoughts were laid bare, still they remain insensible, refusing to believe that He who knew their hearts could forgive sins, wherefore the Lord proves to them the cure of the soul by that of the body, showing the invisible by the visible, that which is more difficult by that which is easier, although they did not look upon it as such. For the Pharisees thought it more difficult to heal the body, as being more open to view; but the soul more easy to cure, because the cure is invisible; so that they reasoned thus, Lo, He does not now cure the body, but heals the unseen soul; if He had had more power, He would at once have cured the body, and not have fled for refuge to the unseen world. The Saviour, therefore, showing that He can do both, says, Which is the easier? as if He said, I indeed by the healing of the body, which is in reality more easy, but appears to you more difficult, will prove to you the health of the soul, which is really more difficult.

Again, He says, Take up thy bed, to prove the greater certainty of the miracle, showing that it is not a mere illusion; and at the same time to show that He not only healed, but gave strength; thus He not only turns away souls from sin, but gives them the power of working out the commandments.

This is not however the paralytic, whose cure is related by John, (John 5) for he had no man with him, this one had four; he is cured in the pool of the sheep market, but this one in a house. It is the same man, however, whose cure is related by Matthew (Matt. 9) and Mark. But mystically, Christ is still in Capernaum, in the house of consolation.

If therefore I, having the powers of my mind unstrung, remain, whenever I attempt any thing good without strength, as a palsied man, and if I be raised on high by the four Evangelists, and be brought to Christ, and there hear myself called son, then also are my sins quitted by me; for a man is called the son of God because he works the commandments.

But how should I be borne to Christ, if the roof be not opened. For the roof is the intellect, which is set above all those things which are within us; here it has much earth about it in the tiles which are made of clay, I mean, earthly things: but if these be taken away, the virtue of the intellect within us is freed from its load. After this let it be let down, that is, humbled. For it does not teach us to be puffed up, because our intellect has its load cleared away, but to be humbled still more.

It is necessary to take up also one's bed, that is the body, to the working of good. For then shall we be able to arrive at contemplation, so that our thoughts should say within us, never have we seen in this way before, that is never understood as we have done since we have been cured of the palsy; for he who is cleansed from sin, sees more purely.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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