Leviticus 27:33

Leviticus 27:33 is part of the concluding chapter of the book of Leviticus, which deals with various laws concerning vows, dedications, and tithes. This specific verse focuses on the regulations for the tithe of livestock.

Context

Chapter 27 outlines procedures and valuations for individuals dedicating themselves, their possessions, or animals to the Lord, as well as the laws concerning the devoted things and tithes. Verses 30-33 specifically address the tithe of the produce of the land and the livestock. The principle was that one-tenth belonged inherently to the Lord. For livestock, every tenth animal that passed under the shepherd's rod as they were counted was designated as the tithe, regardless of its quality. This verse provides strict rules about this process and the status of the animal once designated.

Key Themes

• The Holiness of the Tithe: The tithe, whether of land produce or livestock, was considered holy to the Lord (see Leviticus 27:30). Once designated as the tenth animal, it was set apart for sacred use, primarily supporting the Levites (as seen in Numbers 18:21).
• Acceptance Without Inspection: The command "He shall not search whether it be good or bad" meant the owner was not to examine the animal's quality or try to substitute a less valuable one. The tenth animal counted was the Lord's, emphasizing trust in God's method and preventing manipulation of the offering.
• Irredeemability: Once an animal was designated as the tithe and thus holy, it "shall not be redeemed." It could not be bought back for personal use. The strict rule "if he change it at all, then both it and the change thereof shall be holy" underscores the finality of the dedication and discourages any attempt at exchange or substitution; such an action would result in two animals being consecrated instead of one.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "holy" is qodesh (קֹדֶשׁ), signifying something set apart or consecrated for sacred use. The tithe animal transitioned from being common property to being sacred property belonging to God. The term "redeemed" comes from the Hebrew root ga'al (גָּאַל), which means to buy back or reclaim. Here, it means the dedicated tithe animal could not be bought back into secular ownership or use.

Reflection and Application

While the specific practice of tithing livestock is part of the Old Covenant law, the principles behind this verse remain relevant. It teaches us about the integrity of giving to God – that our offerings should be genuine and given without reservation or an attempt to manipulate the system for personal gain. It underscores the idea that what is dedicated to God is sacred and should be treated with reverence; it is no longer ours to reclaim or control. This principle encourages generosity, honesty, and recognizing God's ownership over all things, giving Him the portion that is due Him with a sincere heart, much like the broader principle discussed in Malachi 3:8 regarding withholding tithes and offerings.