Exodus 28:16

Context of Exodus 28:16

Exodus 28:16 is part of a detailed section in the book of Exodus (chapters 25-31) where God gives Moses precise instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle and the garments for the priests. Specifically, this verse describes the dimensions and construction of the breastplate of judgment (also known as the breastpiece), a crucial component of the High Priest's attire. This garment was not merely decorative but deeply symbolic, representing the High Priest's role as intercessor for the twelve tribes of Israel before God. The instructions emphasize divine precision and holiness in every aspect of worship and priestly service, preparing the way for the establishment of Israel's covenant relationship with the Lord.

Key Themes and Messages

• Divine Precision and Order: The exact dimensions specified ("a span... length... and a span... breadth") highlight God's meticulous attention to detail in all matters of worship and service. This precision underscores the sacredness and importance of the High Priest's role and the objects associated with it.
• Symbolism of the Square Shape: A foursquare design often symbolizes stability, completeness, and balance in biblical contexts. For the breastplate, it suggests the unwavering and complete representation of the twelve tribes of Israel before God.
• The "Doubled" Construction: The instruction that the breastplate "shall be doubled" refers to it being folded over, forming a pouch. This pouch was intended to hold the Urim and Thummim, objects used by the High Priest for discerning God's will and judgment. This detail emphasizes the High Priest's unique function as a channel for divine guidance.
• Representation of Israel: The breastplate, which would later feature twelve precious stones, each representing one of the tribes of Israel (as described in Exodus 28:21), signifies the High Priest carrying the people's names and concerns into God's presence.

Linguistic Insights

The term "span" (Hebrew: zeret, זֶרֶת) refers to a unit of measurement equivalent to the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger when the hand is fully extended, roughly 9 inches or 23 centimeters. This indicates the breastplate was a relatively compact, square piece. The phrase "being doubled" emphasizes its construction as a pouch, not just a flat piece of cloth, which was critical for its function in holding the Urim and Thummim.

Practical Application and Significance

While the High Priest's garments and the Tabernacle rituals are part of the Old Covenant, their principles offer timeless insights. The meticulous design of the breastplate reminds us that God desires order, excellence, and intentionality in our worship and service. The High Priest's role in bearing the names of Israel before God foreshadows the ultimate intercessory work of Jesus Christ, our Great High Priest, who continually intercedes for believers before the Father. This verse subtly points to the importance of divine guidance and the sacredness of representing God's people.