TRV
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Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Ephesians 6:19–24.
Here, I. He desires their prayers for him, Eph 6:19. Having mentioned supplication for all saints, he puts himself into the number. We must pray for all saints, and particularly for God's faithful ministers. Brethren, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may run and be glorified. Observe what it is he would have them pray for in his behalf: "That utterance may be given unto me; that I may be enlarged from my present restraints, and so have liberty to propagate the faith of Christ; that I may have ability to express myself in a suitable and becoming manner; and that I may open my mouth boldly, that is, that I may deliver the whole counsel of God, without any base fear, shame, or partiality." To make known the mystery of the gospel; some understand it of that part of the gospel which concerns the calling of the Gentiles, which had hitherto, as a mystery, been concealed. But the whole gospel was a mystery, till made known by divine revelation; and it is the work of Christ's ministers to publish it. Observe, Paul had a great command of language; they called him Mercury, because he was the chief speaker (Act 14:12), and yet he would have his friends ask of God the gift of utterance for him. He was a man of great courage, and often signalized himself for it; yet he would have them pray that God would give him boldness. He knew as well what to say as any man; yet he desires them to pray for him, that he may speak as he ought to speak. The argument with which he enforces his request is that for the sake of the gospel he was an ambassador in bonds, Eph 6:20. He was persecuted and imprisoned for preaching the gospel; though, notwithstanding, he continued in the embassy committed to him by Christ, and persisted in preaching it. Observe, 1. It is no new thing for Christ's ministers to be in bonds. 2. It is a hard thing for them to speak boldly when that is their case. 3. The best and most eminent ministers have need of, and may receive advantage by, the prayers of good Christians; and therefore should earnestly desire them. Having thus desired their prayers,
II.He recommends Tychicus unto them, Eph 6:21, Eph 6:22.
He sent him with this epistle, that he might acquaint them with what other churches were informed of, namely, how he did, and what he did; how he was used by the Romans in his bonds, and how he behaved himself in his present circumstances. It is desirable to good ministers both that their Christian friends should know their state and that they should be acquainted with the condition of their friends; for by this means they may the better help each other in their prayers. - And that he might comfort their hearts, by giving such an account of his sufferings, of the cause of them, and of the temper of his mind and his behaviour under them, as might prevent their fainting at his tribulations and even minister matter of joy and thanksgiving unto them. He tells them that Tychicus was a beloved brother and faithful minister in the Lord. He was a sincere Christian, and so a brother in Christ: he was a faithful minister in the work of Christ, and he was very dear to Paul, which makes Paul's love to these Christian Ephesians the more observable, in that he should now part with so good and dear a friend for their sakes, when his company and conversation must have been peculiarly delightful and serviceable to himself. But the faithful servants of Jesus Christ are wont to prefer the public good to their own private or personal interests.
III.He concludes with his good wishes and prayers for them, and not for them only, but for all the brethren, Eph 6:23, Eph 6:24.
His usual benediction was, Grace and peace; here it is, Peace be to the brethren, and love with faith. By peace we are to understand all manner of peace - peace with God, peace with conscience, peace among themselves: and all outward prosperity is included in the word; as if he had said, "I wish the continuance and increase of all happiness to you." And love with faith. This in part explains what he means in the following verse by grace; not only grace in the fountain, or the love and favour of God, but grace in the streams, the grace of the Spirit flowing from that divine principle, faith and love including all the rest. It is the continuance and increase of these that he desires for them, in whom they were already begun. It follows, from God the Father, etc. All Grace and blessings are derived to the saints from God, through the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ our Lord. The closing benediction is more extensive than the former; for in this he prays for all true believers at Ephesus, and every where else. It is the undoubted character of all the saints that they love our Lord Jesus Christ. Our love to Christ is not acceptable, unless it be in sincerity: indeed there is no such thing as love to Christ, whatever men may pretend, where there is not sincerity. The words may be read, Grace be with all those who love our Lord Jesus Christ in incorruption, who continue constant in their love to him, so as not to be corrupted out of it by any baits or seductions whatsoever, and whose love to him is uncorrupted by any opposite lust, or the love of any thing displeasing to him. Grace, that is, the favour of God, and all good (spiritual and temporal), that is, the product of it, are and shall be with all those who thus love our Lord Jesus Christ. And it is, or ought to be, the desire and prayer of every lover of Christ that it may be so with all his fellow-christians. Amen, so be it.
Historical interpretation
Historical Reception
2 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.
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Tychicus is sent to give the Ephesians instructions not on his own accord. Rather he was sent by Paul for this purpose. Such was Paul’s concern for them and his desire that they should be well informed.
"Whom I have sent unto you," saith he, "for this very purpose, that ye may know our state, and that he may comfort your hearts."
This language he employs, not without a purpose, but in consequence of what he had been saying previously; "having girded your loins, having on the breastplate," etc., which are a token of a constant and unceasing advance; for hear what the Prophet saith, "Let it be unto him as the raiment wherewith he covereth himself, and for the girdle wherewith he is girded continually" (Ps. cix. 19); and the Prophet Isaiah again saith, that God hath "put on righteousness as a breastplate" (Isa. lix. 17); by these expressions instructing us that these are things which we must have, not for a short time only, but continually, inasmuch as there is continual need of warfare. "For it is said the righteous are bold as a lion." (Prov. xxviii. 1.) For he that is armed with such a breastplate, it cannot be that he should fear the array that is against him, but he will leap into the midst of the enemy. And again Isaiah saith, "How beautiful are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings." (Isa. lii. 7.) Who would not run, who would not serve in such a cause; to publish the good tidings of peace, peace between God and man, peace, where men have toiled not, but where God hath wrought all?
If "faithful," he will tell no falsehood, he will in everything speak the truth:-"whom I have sent unto you for this very purpose, that ye might know our state, and that he may comfort your hearts." Amazing, transcendent affection! "that it may not be in the power," he means, "of them that would, to affright you." For it is probable that they were in tribulation; for the expression, "may comfort your hearts," intimates as much; that is, "may not suffer you to sink under it."
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Summary
Ephesians 6:22 serves as a personal postscript to Paul's profound letter, revealing his deep pastoral heart and strategic wisdom. Through the dispatch of Tychicus, Paul ensures the Ephesian believers receive not only the written epistle but also a personal, empathetic update on his circumstances, aiming to alleviate their concerns and provide spiritual and emotional encouragement, thereby strengthening their faith and resolve amidst potential anxieties regarding his imprisonment.
Context
Literary Context
Ephesians 6:22 concludes the practical exhortations of the letter and transitions into Paul's final greetings. Preceding this verse, Paul has just introduced Tychicus in Ephesians 6:21, identifying him as a "beloved brother and faithful minister in the Lord." This sets the stage for Tychicus's specific mission detailed in verse 22. The verses immediately before this section (Ephesians 6:10-20) focus on the spiritual warfare and the call to put on the full armor of God, emphasizing the need for spiritual strength and prayer. The sending of Tychicus, therefore, provides a tangible expression of Paul's ongoing care for the church, even as he concludes his theological and practical instructions. It bridges the doctrinal and practical sections with a personal touch, ensuring the recipients are not left wondering about the apostle's well-being.
Historical & Cultural Context
Paul likely wrote the letter to the Ephesians from Roman imprisonment, as indicated in Ephesians 3:1. In the ancient world, communication over long distances was challenging and often relied on trusted couriers. These messengers were not merely mail carriers; they were often personal representatives who could elaborate on the letter's contents, answer questions, and convey the sender's demeanor and situation. Tychicus, as a trusted co-worker, fulfilled this vital role. Ephesus itself was a prominent city in Asia Minor, a hub of trade and pagan worship, making the stability and encouragement of the Christian community there particularly important. The concern for Paul's "affairs" (his imprisonment, health, and ministry progress) would have been significant for a church deeply connected to its founding apostle, especially given the dangers faced by early Christians.
Key Themes
This verse contributes to several overarching themes within Ephesians and Paul's broader ministry. It highlights Pastoral Care and Apostolic Concern, demonstrating Paul's deep affection and commitment to the spiritual and emotional well-being of the churches he served. His desire for the Ephesians to "know our affairs" underscores a theme of Transparency and Trust between the apostle and the believers, fostering a genuine relationship. The explicit purpose of Tychicus to "comfort your hearts" emphasizes the biblical theme of Mutual Encouragement and Consolation within the body of Christ, echoing the call for believers to bear one another's burdens. Furthermore, it exemplifies Apostolic Delegation, where Paul, unable to be physically present, extends his ministry and maintains vital connections through reliable co-workers like Tychicus, who also delivered the letter to the Colossians, as noted in Colossians 4:7. This practice was crucial for the spread and stability of the early church.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
This verb (G1097) denotes a comprehensive understanding, not merely intellectual knowledge but often implying experiential or relational knowing. In this context, for the Ephesians to "know our affairs" means they would gain a full, empathetic understanding of Paul's circumstances, including his imprisonment, health, and the progress of the gospel through him. This knowledge would enable them to pray more specifically and to have peace of mind regarding his situation.
This rich Greek term means "to call near," implying invitation, imploration, exhortation, or consolation. It goes beyond simple solace, encompassing encouragement, strengthening, and reassurance. Tychicus's mission was to provide deep emotional and spiritual support, alleviating anxieties and bolstering the believers' resolve in their faith, much like a comforter or advocate.
G2588 refers to the heart, which in biblical thought is the center of one's being – the seat of intellect, emotion, will, and spiritual life. When Paul speaks of comforting their "hearts," he is addressing their innermost thoughts, feelings, and spiritual state, aiming to bring peace, stability, and encouragement to their very core.
Verse Breakdown
"Whom I have sent unto you for the same purpose"
This clause identifies Tychicus as the messenger and reiterates his specific mission. The "same purpose" refers back to the preceding verse, Ephesians 6:21, where Paul states Tychicus will make known "all things" about him. This emphasizes the intentionality and significance of Tychicus's journey and his role as Paul's personal envoy.
"that ye might know our affairs"
This specifies the primary informational aspect of Tychicus's mission. Paul desired the Ephesian believers to be fully informed about his personal situation, including his well-being, the conditions of his imprisonment, and the state of his ministry. This transparency aimed to prevent speculation and allow the church to engage in informed prayer and concern for their apostle.
"and that he might comfort your hearts"
This reveals the deeper, pastoral objective of Tychicus's visit. Beyond merely conveying information, Tychicus was to provide spiritual and emotional solace. Knowing Paul's situation firsthand, and receiving personal encouragement from a trusted messenger, would serve to calm any anxieties, strengthen their faith, and reassure them of God's continued work even amidst Paul's trials. This highlights Paul's profound care for the emotional and spiritual health of the Ephesian church.
Literary Devices
Paul employs several literary devices in this concise verse. The primary device is Apostolic Delegation, where Paul, as the authoritative apostle, sends a trusted representative (Tychicus) to act on his behalf. This is a common feature in Paul's letters, demonstrating his reliance on co-workers to extend his ministry and maintain personal connections with distant churches. There is also a strong Pastoral Tone, as Paul's language reveals his deep affection and concern for the spiritual and emotional well-being of the Ephesian believers, going beyond mere instruction to offer personal reassurance. Furthermore, the phrase "comfort your hearts" utilizes Synecdoche, a figure of speech where a part (hearts) represents the whole (the entire person). By comforting their "hearts," Paul intends to bring solace and strength to their entire being—their minds, emotions, and spirits—addressing their deepest concerns and anxieties.
Theological and Thematic Connections
Ephesians 6:22 beautifully illustrates the incarnational nature of pastoral care, where God's comfort is often mediated through human agents. Paul, despite his imprisonment, ensures that the church receives not just a letter of profound theological truth but also a personal touch of empathy and reassurance. This act underscores the importance of relational ministry within the body of Christ, where believers are called to genuinely care for one another's burdens and joys. It reflects the truth that Christian community is meant to be a place of mutual support, transparency, and spiritual strengthening, especially in times of uncertainty or trial. The comfort Tychicus brings is not merely human sympathy, but a reflection of God's own comforting presence, mediated through a faithful servant.
Reflection and Application
Ephesians 6:22 offers profound insights into the nature of Christian community and personal ministry. It reminds us that while theological truth is paramount, it is often best received and applied within a context of genuine care and personal connection. In an age of digital communication, Paul's example of sending a trusted person to deliver news and comfort is a powerful reminder of the irreplaceable value of personal presence and empathetic engagement. We are called to be attentive to the "affairs" of our brothers and sisters in Christ, not out of mere curiosity, but out of a desire to understand their struggles, celebrate their joys, and offer specific, heartfelt prayer and support. Like Tychicus, we are to be agents of comfort, reflecting the compassionate heart of God to those around us, recognizing that a well-timed word of encouragement or a listening ear can profoundly strengthen a weary heart and bolster faith in challenging times.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why was it so important for Paul to send Tychicus to the Ephesians, rather than just send the letter?
In the ancient world, letters were often delivered by trusted couriers who served as personal representatives. Sending Tychicus was crucial for several reasons. First, he could personally verify Paul's situation, addressing any rumors or anxieties about his imprisonment. Second, he could elaborate on the letter's contents, answering questions and providing context that a written document alone could not convey. Third, and most importantly, Tychicus was sent to "comfort your hearts" (Ephesians 6:22). This involved providing emotional and spiritual reassurance, a level of empathy and encouragement that required a personal presence. It demonstrated Paul's deep pastoral care and desire to maintain a strong, personal connection with the church, even from afar. This practice ensured that the message was not just received, but truly understood and internalized, bringing genuine peace and strengthening to the believers.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
While Ephesians 6:22 primarily speaks to apostolic care and community, its underlying principle of comfort and knowledge finds its ultimate fulfillment in Christ. Tychicus, as a messenger of comfort and truth about Paul's "affairs," foreshadows Jesus Christ, the ultimate Messenger and Embodiment of God's comfort and revelation. Just as Tychicus brought knowledge and solace to anxious hearts, Jesus came to reveal the very "affairs" of God—His nature, His plan, and His love—to a world lost in darkness and anxiety. He is the Word made flesh, the perfect revelation of the Father, allowing us to truly "know" God in a way previously impossible. Furthermore, Jesus is our supreme Comforter and Advocate. He promised to send the Holy Spirit, the Helper, who would "comfort" (Greek, parakaléō) His disciples, guiding them into all truth and bringing peace to their hearts amidst trials, just as Tychicus sought to comfort the Ephesians. In Christ, we find the ultimate transparency of God's heart toward humanity, and through His sacrifice and resurrection, our hearts are eternally comforted and secured, knowing that He is with us always, even to the end of the age.