Mark 12:8

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And they took him, and killed [him], and cast [him] out of the vineyard.

Complete Jewish Bible:

So they seized him, killed him and threw him out of the vineyard.

Berean Standard Bible:

So they seized the son, killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

American Standard Version:

And they took him, and killed him, and cast him forth out of the vineyard.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And^{G2532} they took^{G2983} him^{G846}, and killed^{G615} him, and^{G2532} cast^{G1544} him out of^{G1854} the vineyard^{G290}.

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Commentary for Mark 12:8

Mark 12:8 is part of a parable that Jesus tells to the chief priests, scribes, and elders, who were challenging His authority. The verse itself is succinct but carries significant symbolic weight within the larger narrative. The parable, often referred to as the Parable of the Tenants or the Parable of the Wicked Tenants, is a story about a man who plants a vineyard, leases it to tenants, and goes away. When the harvest time approaches, he sends servants to collect his share of the produce, but the tenants beat and kill the servants. Finally, the owner sends his beloved son, thinking they will respect him, but the tenants kill him too, casting him out of the vineyard.

The historical context of this verse is rooted in the agricultural practices of the time, where landowners would lease out their vineyards to tenant farmers. The vineyard is a common biblical metaphor for Israel, and the owner represents God. The servants symbolize the prophets sent by God to the people of Israel, who were often rejected and mistreated. The son in the parable represents Jesus himself, and the actions of the tenants foreshadow the rejection and crucifixion of Jesus by the Jewish religious leaders.

The themes of Mark 12:8 include the rejection of God's messengers, the culmination of this rejection in the murder of the son, and the transfer of responsibility and blessing from those who reject God's authority to those who accept it—a theme Jesus elaborates on in the subsequent verses. The verse speaks to the grave consequences of rejecting God's messengers and the ultimate act of rebellion in killing the heir. It also sets the stage for Jesus to explain how the kingdom of God will be taken away from those who do not produce its fruit and given to others (Mark 12:9). This parable is a poignant indictment against the religious leaders of the time and a sobering warning about the judgment that comes from rejecting God's authority and message.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: G2532
   There are 5212 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: καί
   Transliteration: kaí
   Pronunciation: kahee
   Description: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:--and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
   
2. Strong's Number: G2983
   There are 248 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: λαμβάνω
   Transliteration: lambánō
   Pronunciation: lam-ban'-o
   Description: a prolonged form of a primary verb, which is use only as an alternate in certain tenses; to take (in very many applications, literally and figuratively (properly objective or active, to get hold of; whereas δέχομαι is rather subjective or passive, to have offered to one; while αἱρέομαι is more violent, to seize or remove)):--accept, + be amazed, assay, attain, bring, X when I call, catch, come on (X unto), + forget, have, hold, obtain, receive (X after), take (away, up).
   
3. Strong's Number: G846
   There are 3776 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: αὐτός
   Transliteration: autós
   Pronunciation: ow-tos'
   Description: from the particle (perhaps akin to the base of ἀήρ through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative ἑαυτοῦ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons:--her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare αὑτοῦ.
   
4. Strong's Number: G615
   There are 71 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἀποκτείνω
   Transliteration: apokteínō
   Pronunciation: ap-ok-ti'-no
   Description: from ἀπό and (to slay); to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy:--put to death, kill, slay.
   
5. Strong's Number: G1544
   There are 76 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἐκβάλλω
   Transliteration: ekbállō
   Pronunciation: ek-bal'-lo
   Description: from ἐκ and βάλλω; to eject (literally or figuratively):--bring forth, cast (forth, out), drive (out), expel, leave, pluck (pull, take, thrust) out, put forth (out), send away (forth, out).
   
6. Strong's Number: G1854
   There are 64 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἔξω
   Transliteration: éxō
   Pronunciation: ex'-o
   Description: adverb from ἐκ; out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively:--away, forth, (with-)out (of, -ward), strange.
   
7. Strong's Number: G290
   There are 122 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἀμπελών
   Transliteration: ampelṓn
   Pronunciation: am-pel-ohn'
   Description: from ἄμπελος; a vineyard:--vineyard.