Luke 3:19

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

But Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him for Herodias his brother Philip's wife, and for all the evils which Herod had done,

Complete Jewish Bible:

But Yochanan also denounced Herod the regional governor for taking as his own wife Herodias, the wife of his brother, and for all the other wicked things Herod had done;

Berean Standard Bible:

But when he rebuked Herod the tetrarch regarding his brother’s wife Herodias and all the evils he had done,

American Standard Version:

but Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him for Herodias his brother’s wife, and for all the evil things which Herod had done,

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

But^{G1161} Herod^{G2264} the tetrarch^{G5076}, being reproved^{G1651} by^{G5259} him^{G846} for^{G4012} Herodias^{G2266} his^{G846} brother^{G80} Philip's^{G5376} wife^{G1135}, and^{G2532} for^{G4012} all^{G3956} the evils^{G4190} which^{G3739} Herod^{G2264} had done^{G4160},

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Commentary for Luke 3:19

Luke 3:19 is a verse that captures a pivotal moment in the life of Herod Antipas, one of the sons of Herod the Great, who ruled over Galilee and Perea as a tetrarch, a ruler of a quarter of his father's kingdom. The verse is set during the ministry of John the Baptist, who was known for his bold preaching and call to repentance in preparation for the coming of the Messiah.

In this verse, John the Baptist directly confronts Herod Antipas for two major transgressions: firstly, for taking Herodias, the wife of his brother Philip, as his own wife. This union was considered incestuous and adulterous according to Jewish law, as outlined in Leviticus 18:16 and 20:21. Secondly, John rebukes Herod for "all the evils which Herod had done," which likely refers to a broader range of unjust and immoral actions characteristic of Herod's rule. This public reprimand by John the Baptist sets the stage for the events that follow, including Herodias's grudge against John, which ultimately leads to John's imprisonment and beheading.

The historical context of this verse reflects the tension between the emerging Christian movement and the political powers of the time. Herod Antipas's role as a client king under the Roman Empire placed him in a precarious position, trying to balance the expectations of his Jewish subjects with the demands of Roman authority. John the Baptist's condemnation of Herod's personal and political conduct highlights the moral and spiritual opposition to the corrupt practices of those in power. This confrontation is emblematic of the broader theme in the Gospels where the proclamation of God's kingdom challenges the status quo of human governance, setting the stage for the transformative message of Jesus Christ.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: G1161
   There are 2556 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: δέ
   Transliteration: dé
   Pronunciation: deh
   Description: a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
   
2. Strong's Number: G2264
   There are 41 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: Ἡρώδης
   Transliteration: Hērṓdēs
   Pronunciation: hay-ro'-dace
   Description: compound of (a "hero") and εἶδος; heroic; Herod, the name of four Jewish kings:--Herod.
   
3. Strong's Number: G5076
   There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: τετράρχης
   Transliteration: tetrárchēs
   Pronunciation: tet-rar'-khace
   Description: from τέσσαρες and ἄρχω; the ruler of a fourth part of a country ("tetrarch"):--tetrarch.
   
4. Strong's Number: G1651
   There are 17 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἐλέγχω
   Transliteration: elénchō
   Pronunciation: el-eng'-kho
   Description: of uncertain affinity; to confute, admonish:--convict, convince, tell a fault, rebuke, reprove.
   
5. Strong's Number: G5259
   There are 211 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ὑπό
   Transliteration: hypó
   Pronunciation: hoop-o'
   Description: a primary preposition; under, i.e. (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (underneath) or where (below) or time (when (at)):--among, by, from, in, of, under, with. In the comparative, it retains the same general applications, especially of inferior position or condition, and specially, covertly or moderately.
   
6. Strong's Number: G846
   There are 3776 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: αὐτός
   Transliteration: autós
   Pronunciation: ow-tos'
   Description: from the particle (perhaps akin to the base of ἀήρ through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative ἑαυτοῦ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons:--her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare αὑτοῦ.
   
7. Strong's Number: G4012
   There are 304 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: περί
   Transliteration: perí
   Pronunciation: per-ee'
   Description: from the base of πέραν; properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive case denoting the subject or occasion or superlative point; with the accusative case the locality, circuit, matter, circumstance or general period):--(there-)about, above, against, at, on behalf of, X and his company, which concern, (as) concerning, for, X how it will go with, ((there-, where-)) of, on, over, pertaining (to), for sake, X (e-)state, (as) touching, (where-)by (in), with. In comparative, it retains substantially the same meaning of circuit (around), excess (beyond), or completeness (through).
   
8. Strong's Number: G2266
   There are 6 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: Ἡρωδιάς
   Transliteration: Hērōdiás
   Pronunciation: hay-ro-dee-as'
   Description: from Ἡρώδης; Herodias, a woman of the Heodian family:--Herodias.
   
9. Strong's Number: G80
   There are 344 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἀδελφός
   Transliteration: adelphós
   Pronunciation: ad-el-fos'
   Description: from Α (as a connective particle) and (the womb); a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like Α):--brother.
   
10. Strong's Number: G5376
    There are 37 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: Φίλιππος
    Transliteration: Phílippos
    Pronunciation: fil'-ip-pos
    Description: from φίλος and ἵππος; fond of horses; Philippus, the name of four Israelites:--Philip.
    
11. Strong's Number: G1135
    There are 200 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: γυνή
    Transliteration: gynḗ
    Pronunciation: goo-nay'
    Description: probably from the base of γίνομαι; a woman; specially, a wife:--wife, woman.
    
12. Strong's Number: G2532
    There are 5212 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: καί
    Transliteration: kaí
    Pronunciation: kahee
    Description: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:--and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
    
13. Strong's Number: G3956
    There are 1075 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: πᾶς
    Transliteration: pâs
    Pronunciation: pas
    Description: including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole:--all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
    
14. Strong's Number: G4190
    There are 71 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: πονηρός
    Transliteration: ponērós
    Pronunciation: pon-ay-ros'
    Description: from a derivative of πόνος; hurtful, i.e. evil (properly, in effect or influence, and thus differing from κακός, which refers rather to essential character, as well as from σαπρός, which indicates degeneracy from original virtue); figuratively, calamitous; also (passively) ill, i.e. diseased; but especially (morally) culpable, i.e. derelict, vicious, facinorous; neuter (singular) mischief, malice, or (plural) guilt; masculine (singular) the devil, or (plural) sinners:--bad, evil, grievous, harm, lewd, malicious, wicked(-ness). See also πονηρότερος.
    
15. Strong's Number: G3739
    There are 1215 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: ὅς
    Transliteration: hós
    Pronunciation: ho
    Description: probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article ὁ); the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that:--one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc. See also οὗ.
    
16. Strong's Number: G4160
    There are 519 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: ποιέω
    Transliteration: poiéō
    Pronunciation: poy-eh'-o
    Description: apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary; to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct):--abide, + agree, appoint, X avenge, + band together, be, bear, + bewray, bring (forth), cast out, cause, commit, + content, continue, deal, + without any delay, (would) do(-ing), execute, exercise, fulfil, gain, give, have, hold, X journeying, keep, + lay wait, + lighten the ship, make, X mean, + none of these things move me, observe, ordain, perform, provide, + have purged, purpose, put, + raising up, X secure, shew, X shoot out, spend, take, tarry, + transgress the law, work, yield. Compare πράσσω.