Genesis 36:40

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And these [are] the names of the dukes [that came] of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names; duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth,

Complete Jewish Bible:

These are the names of the chieftains descended from 'Esav, according to their clans, places and names: the chieftains of Timna, 'Alvah, Y'tet,

Berean Standard Bible:

These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

American Standard Version:

And these are the names of the chiefs that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names: chief Timna, chief Alvah, chief Jetheth,

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And these are the names^{H8034} of the dukes^{H441} that came of Esau^{H6215}, according to their families^{H4940}, after their places^{H4725}, by their names^{H8034}; duke^{H441} Timnah^{H8555}, duke^{H441} Alvah^{H5933}, duke^{H441} Jetheth^{H3509},

Cross-References (KJV):

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Commentary for Genesis 36:40

Genesis 36:40 is a verse that provides a genealogical record of the descendants of Esau, who is also known as Edom. Esau was the twin brother of Jacob (later named Israel), and the son of Isaac and Rebekah. The verse specifically lists the names of dukes or chieftains who were descendants of Esau, indicating the structure of leadership and family organization among the Edomites. The mention of "duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth" reflects the tribal nature of the society, where leadership was often hereditary and tied to specific territories or places, as suggested by the phrase "after their places."

This verse is part of a larger section in Genesis that details the lineage and settlements of Esau's descendants, emphasizing their establishment as a distinct people group with their own territory and governance. The historical context of this verse is the period after the patriarchs, when the descendants of Jacob and Esau were forming their separate national identities. The Edomites, descended from Esau, settled in the region southeast of the Dead Sea, which became known as Edom. This area was strategically significant, located along trade routes and often in conflict with the Israelites, their northern neighbors.

The themes present in Genesis 36:40 include the importance of genealogy in ancient societies for establishing identity, land rights, and social order. It also reflects the fulfillment of the divine promise to Abraham that his descendants would become numerous nations. Despite the later conflicts between Edom and Israel, this verse serves as a testament to the ancestral connections between the two peoples, both ultimately descending from the patriarch Isaac.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H8034
   There are 771 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שֵׁם
   Transliteration: shêm
   Pronunciation: shame
   Description: a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare שָׁמַיִם); an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character; [phrase] base, (in-) fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.
   
2. Strong's Number: H441
   There are 102 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אַלּוּף
   Transliteration: ʼallûwph
   Pronunciation: al-loof'
   Description: or (shortened) אַלֻּף; from אָלַף; familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow); and so, a chieftain (as notable, like neat cattle); captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox.
   
3. Strong's Number: H6215
   There are 82 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עֵשָׂו
   Transliteration: ʻÊsâv
   Pronunciation: ay-sawv'
   Description: apparently a form of the passive participle of עָשָׂה in the original sense of handling; rough (i.e. sensibly felt); Esav, a son of Isaac, including his posterity; Esau.
   
4. Strong's Number: H4940
   There are 224 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מִשְׁפָּחָה
   Transliteration: mishpâchâh
   Pronunciation: mish-paw-khaw'
   Description: from שָׁפָה (compare שִׁפְחָה); a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people; family, kind(-red).
   
5. Strong's Number: H4725
   There are 379 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מָקוֹם
   Transliteration: mâqôwm
   Pronunciation: maw-kome'
   Description: or מָקֹם; also (feminine) מְקוֹמָה; or מְקֹמָה; from קוּם; properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind); country, [idiom] home, [idiom] open, place, room, space, [idiom] whither(-soever).
   
6. Strong's Number: H8555
   There are 6 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: תִּמְנָע
   Transliteration: Timnâʻ
   Pronunciation: tim-naw'
   Description: from מָנַע; restraint; Timna, the name of two Edomites; Timna, Timnah.
   
7. Strong's Number: H5933
   There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עַלְוָה
   Transliteration: ʻAlvâh
   Pronunciation: al-vaw'
   Description: or עַליָה; the same as עַלְוָה; Alvah or Aljah, an Idumaean; Aliah, Alvah.
   
8. Strong's Number: H3509
   There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: יְתֵת
   Transliteration: Yᵉthêth
   Pronunciation: yeh-thayth'
   Description: of uncertain derivation; Jetheth, an Edomite; Jetheth. k