Genesis 36:39

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And Baalhanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city [was] Pau; and his wife's name [was] Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.

Complete Jewish Bible:

When Ba'al-Chanan died, Hadar reigned in his place; the name of his city was Pa'u; and his wife's name was M'heitav'el the daughter of Matred the daughter of Mei-Zahav.

Berean Standard Bible:

When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.

American Standard Version:

And Baal-hanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And Baalhanan^{H1177} the son^{H1121} of Achbor^{H5907} died^{H4191}, and Hadar^{H1924} reigned^{H4427} in his stead: and the name^{H8034} of his city^{H5892} was Pau^{H6464}; and his wife's^{H802} name^{H8034} was Mehetabel^{H4105}, the daughter^{H1323} of Matred^{H4308}, the daughter^{H1323} of Mezahab^{H4314}.

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Commentary for Genesis 36:39

Genesis 36:39 is part of a lengthy genealogy found in Genesis 36, which details the descendants of Esau, also known as Edom. This chapter serves to trace the lineage of the Edomites, who are the inhabitants of the region of Edom, south of the Dead Sea and the land of Israel. The verses leading up to Genesis 36:39 list the succession of Edomite kings, who ruled before there was a king over the Israelites.

Themes:
1. **Genealogical Record**: The primary theme is the preservation of the lineage of Esau, emphasizing the continuity of the Edomite people and their rulers. This reflects the importance of ancestry and heritage in the ancient Near Eastern context.
2. **Divine Promises**: By showing the flourishing of Esau's descendants, the passage underscores the fulfillment of God's promise to Rebekah that her two sons (Esau and Jacob) would become two nations, with the older serving the younger (Genesis 25:23).
3. **Historical Context**: The listing of kings provides a historical backdrop, showing the political structure of the Edomites and their independent reign prior to the monarchy in Israel. This sets the stage for the later interactions between Israel and Edom.

Historical Context:
- **Edomite Kings**: The verse mentions Baalhanan and his successor Hadar, providing a snapshot of the Edomite monarchy. These names are not mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, and there is little historical data outside of the Bible to corroborate the existence of these specific individuals.
- **City of Pau**: The reference to Pau as Hadar's city suggests a settled, urbanized society with defined political centers, which is consistent with archaeological findings in the region that point to advanced settlements during this period.
- **Mehetabel**: The mention of Hadar's wife, Mehetabel, along with her lineage, further solidifies the importance of ancestral connections and possibly indicates political alliances through marriage.

In summary, Genesis 36:39 is part of a broader section that establishes the lineage of the Edomites, a people group related to the Israelites through Esau. It reflects the biblical interest in genealogy and the fulfillment of divine promises while providing a glimpse into the historical reality of Edomite rulers and society.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H1177
   There are 5 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בַּעַל חָנָן
   Transliteration: Baʻal Chânân
   Pronunciation: bah'-al khaw-nawn'
   Description: from בַּעַל and חָנַן; possessor of grace; Baal-Chanan, the name of an Edomite, also of an Israelite; Baal-hanan.
   
2. Strong's Number: H1121
   There are 3654 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בֵּן
   Transliteration: bên
   Pronunciation: bane
   Description: from בָּנָה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
   
3. Strong's Number: H5907
   There are 7 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עַכְבּוֹר
   Transliteration: ʻAkbôwr
   Pronunciation: ak-bore'
   Description: probably for עַכְבָּר; Akbor, the name of an Idumaean and of two Israelites; Achbor.
   
4. Strong's Number: H4191
   There are 694 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מוּת
   Transliteration: mûwth
   Pronunciation: mooth
   Description: a primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill; [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise.
   
5. Strong's Number: H1924
   There are 1 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: הֲדַר
   Transliteration: Hădar
   Pronunciation: had-ar'
   Description: the same as הָדָר; Hadar, an Edomite; Hadar.
   
6. Strong's Number: H4427
   There are 284 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מָלַךְ
   Transliteration: mâlak
   Pronunciation: maw-lak'
   Description: a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel; consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely.
   
7. Strong's Number: H8034
   There are 771 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שֵׁם
   Transliteration: shêm
   Pronunciation: shame
   Description: a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare שָׁמַיִם); an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character; [phrase] base, (in-) fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.
   
8. Strong's Number: H5892
   There are 937 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עִיר
   Transliteration: ʻîyr
   Pronunciation: eer
   Description: or (in the plural) עָר; or עָיַר; (Judges 10:4), from עוּר; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.
   
9. Strong's Number: H6464
   There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: פָּעוּ
   Transliteration: Pâʻûw
   Pronunciation: paw-oo'
   Description: or פָּעִי; from פָּעָה; screaming; Pau or Pai, a place in Edom; Pai, Pau.
   
10. Strong's Number: H802
    There are 729 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: אִשָּׁה
    Transliteration: ʼishshâh
    Pronunciation: ish-shaw'
    Description: feminine of אִישׁ or אֱנוֹשׁ; irregular plural, נָשִׁים;(used in the same wide sense as אֱנוֹשׁ); a woman; (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.
    
11. Strong's Number: H4105
    There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: מְהֵיטַבְאֵל
    Transliteration: Mᵉhêyṭabʼêl
    Pronunciation: meh-hay-tab-ale'
    Description: from יָטַב (augmented) and אֵל; bettered of God; Mehetabel, the name of an Edomitish man and woman; Mehetabeel, Mehetabel.
    
12. Strong's Number: H1323
    There are 499 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: בַּת
    Transliteration: bath
    Pronunciation: bath
    Description: from בָּנָה (as feminine of בֵּן); a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively); apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village.
    
13. Strong's Number: H4308
    There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: מַטְרֵד
    Transliteration: Maṭrêd
    Pronunciation: mat-rade'
    Description: from טָרַד; propulsive; Matred, an Edomitess; Matred.
    
14. Strong's Number: H4314
    There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: מֵי זָהָב
    Transliteration: Mêy Zâhâb
    Pronunciation: may zaw-hawb'
    Description: from מַיִם and זָהָב, water of gold; Me-Zahab, an Edomite; Mezahab.