Exodus 39:10

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And they set in it four rows of stones: [the first] row [was] a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this [was] the first row.

Complete Jewish Bible:

They put on it four rows of stones: the first row was a carnelian, a topaz and an emerald;

Berean Standard Bible:

And they mounted on it four rows of gemstones: The first row had a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald;

American Standard Version:

And they set in it four rows of stones. A row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row;

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And they set^{H4390} in it four^{H702} rows^{H2905} of stones^{H68}: the first row^{H2905} was a sardius^{H124}, a topaz^{H6357}, and a carbuncle^{H1304}: this was the first^{H259} row^{H2905}.

Cross-References (KJV):

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Commentary for Exodus 39:10

1. **Themes:**
- **Divine Instruction and Craftsmanship:** Exodus 39:10 reflects the meticulous adherence to divine instructions given to Moses for the construction of the ephod, a sacred garment for the high priest. The detailed description of the gemstones set in four rows underscores the importance of precision and beauty in the worship of God.
- **Symbolism of Stones:** The stones mentioned (sardius, topaz, and carbuncle) likely symbolize various aspects of God's nature or creation, and their inclusion in the ephod may represent the connection between the divine and the priesthood.
- **Holiness and Separation:** The ephod, adorned with precious stones, signifies the holiness and separation of the priesthood, setting them apart for special service to God.

2. **Historical Context:**
- **The Exodus Era:** The verse is set during the time of the Exodus, after the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt and while they are encamped at Mount Sinai.
- **Mosaic Law and Worship:** This period is characterized by the establishment of the Mosaic Law and the detailed instructions for worship, including the construction of the Tabernacle and its furnishings, as well as the consecration of the priesthood.
- **Cultural and Religious Significance:** The specificity of the materials and their arrangement reflects the cultural and religious significance of craftsmanship in ancient Israel, as well as the importance of following God's commands exactly as given.
- **Priestly Vestments:** The ephod was one of the most important elements of the high priest's attire, and its creation according to divine pattern emphasizes the role of the priesthood in mediating between God and the people of Israel.

In summary, Exodus 39:10 highlights the theme of divine instruction followed by skilled craftsmanship in the context of the establishment of Israel's worship practices and priesthood during the formative period of the nation's history following their exodus from Egypt.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H4390
   There are 240 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מָלֵא
   Transliteration: mâlêʼ
   Pronunciation: maw-lay'
   Description: or מָלָא; (Esther 7:5), a primitive root; to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively); accomplish, confirm, [phrase] consecrate, be at an end, be expired, be fenced, fill, fulfil, (be, become, [idiom] draw, give in, go) full(-ly, -ly set, tale), (over-) flow, fulness, furnish, gather (selves, together), presume, replenish, satisfy, set, space, take a (hand-) full, [phrase] have wholly.
   
2. Strong's Number: H702
   There are 383 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אַרְבַּע
   Transliteration: ʼarbaʻ
   Pronunciation: ar-bah'
   Description: masculine אַרְבָּעָה; from רָבַע; four; four.
   
3. Strong's Number: H2905
   There are 20 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: טוּר
   Transliteration: ṭûwr
   Pronunciation: toor
   Description: from an unused root meaning to range in a regular manner; a row; hence, a wall; row.
   
4. Strong's Number: H68
   There are 1276 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אֶבֶן
   Transliteration: ʼeben
   Pronunciation: eh'-ben
   Description: from the root of בָּנָה through the meaning to build; a stone; [phrase] carbuncle, [phrase] mason, [phrase] plummet, (chalk-, hail-, head-, sling-) stone(-ny), (divers) weight(-s).
   
5. Strong's Number: H124
   There are 608 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אֹדֶם
   Transliteration: ʼôdem
   Pronunciation: o'-dem
   Description: from אָדַם; redness, i.e. the ruby, garnet, or some other red gem; sardius.
   
6. Strong's Number: H6357
   There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: פִּטְדָה
   Transliteration: piṭdâh
   Pronunciation: pit-daw'
   Description: of foreign derivation; a gem, probably the topaz; topaz.
   
7. Strong's Number: H1304
   There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בָּרֶקֶת
   Transliteration: bâreqeth
   Pronunciation: baw-reh'-keth
   Description: lemma בָּרְקַת variant form, corrected to בָּרֶקֶת; or בָּרְקַתxlit bârᵉkath corrected to bârᵉqath; from בָּרָק; a gem (as flashing), perhaps the emerald; carbuncle.
   
8. Strong's Number: H259
   There are 801 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אֶחָד
   Transliteration: ʼechâd
   Pronunciation: ekh-awd'
   Description: a numeral from אָחַד; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first; a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together,