1 Peter 2:14

1 Peter 2:14 is part of a larger exhortation by the Apostle Peter on how believers should conduct themselves in society, specifically concerning their relationship with governing authorities. This verse elaborates on the role of those in power, serving as a foundational principle for Christian citizenship.

Context

This verse follows directly from 1 Peter 2:13, where Peter instructs believers to "submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme." Verse 14 then clarifies the function of the "governors" who operate under this supreme authority. The early Christians lived under the Roman Empire, a pagan government that often persecuted them. Despite this, Peter emphasizes the importance of orderly conduct and respect for civil law. This instruction is set against the backdrop of believers being a "peculiar people" and a "holy nation" (1 Peter 2:9), whose good deeds are meant to silence the ignorance of foolish men (1 Peter 2:15).

Key Themes

• Divine Mandate of Government: Peter asserts that civil authorities, even pagan ones, are "sent by him" (referring to the king or supreme authority, who himself is ultimately permitted by God) to fulfill a specific divine purpose. This echoes the teaching found in Romans 13:1, which states that "there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God."
• Purpose of Civil Authority: The verse clearly defines the dual function of governors: "for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well." This highlights the essential role of government in maintaining law and order, administering justice, and promoting societal well-being. It serves as a deterrent to crime and an encouragement to righteous living.
• Christian Citizenship and Witness: By submitting to and respecting these authorities, believers demonstrate their obedience to God and their commitment to good conduct. This honorable living serves as a powerful testimony to the world, countering false accusations and bringing glory to God.

Linguistic Insights

The term "governors" (Greek: hegemōn) refers to regional rulers, proconsuls, or magistrates who were subordinate to the supreme authority (the emperor or king). They were the administrative arm of the empire. The phrase "sent by him" (Greek: pempō) emphasizes their delegated authority, underscoring that their power is not inherent but derived from a higher source. "Punishment" (Greek: ekdikēsis) denotes the execution of justice, while "praise" (Greek: epainos) refers to commendation or approval, indicating that good deeds should be recognized and affirmed by the governing structure.

Practical Application

For believers today, 1 Peter 2:14 provides timeless guidance on our interaction with civil government. We are called to:

• Respect Authority: Recognize that governing authorities, regardless of their personal faith or imperfections, serve a God-ordained purpose in maintaining order and justice. This means generally obeying laws, paying taxes, and respecting those in positions of power.
• Live Honorably: Our conduct as Christians should be exemplary. By living as law-abiding, productive citizens who contribute positively to society, we demonstrate the transforming power of the Gospel and silence critics who might malign our faith.
• Pray for Leaders: As taught in 1 Timothy 2:2, we should pray for our leaders "that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty." This prayer is crucial for the stability of society and the freedom to practice our faith.
• Understand Government's Role: This verse helps us understand that a core function of government is to curb evil and promote good. When governments deviate from this God-given purpose, it highlights the need for prayer and, where appropriate, righteous advocacy within the legal framework.