The Hebrew word ʼabrêk, represented by H86, is believed to be an Egyptian term meaning to kneel or bow the knee. It is exceptionally rare, appearing only 1 time across 1 unique verse in the Bible. Its singular use captures a specific, formal command to show deference and acknowledge a grant of high authority.
The sole appearance of H86 is in the narrative of Joseph's promotion in Egypt. After interpreting Pharaoh's dreams, Joseph is elevated to a position of immense power. Pharaoh "made him to ride in the second chariot which he had; and they cried before him, Bow the knee" Genesis 41:43. This public cry was a direct command for the people to physically demonstrate their submission and respect for Joseph, whom Pharaoh had just "made ruler over all the land of Egypt" Genesis 41:43.
Several related words from its context in Genesis 41:43 help clarify the scene of honor and authority:
- H7392 râkab (to ride): This word describes the act of being carried in a vehicle, a common sign of status. The LORD is described as one who "rideth upon the heaven" Deuteronomy 33:26, connecting the act of riding with ultimate power and majesty.
- H4932 mishneh (second): This term specifies Joseph's rank as second in command. It signifies being "next" in order or rank, as seen when Mordecai was "next unto king Ahasuerus" Esther 10:3, highlighting a position of deputized authority.
- H4818 merkâbâh (chariot): A chariot was a symbol of military power and royalty. A king's power was often displayed by his chariots, which he would use to appoint his sons and run before him 1 Samuel 8:11.
- H7121 qârâʼ (to call out to): This verb indicates that the command to bow was not a suggestion but a formal, public proclamation, similar to how the LORD proclaimed his name and character before Moses Exodus 34:6.
While appearing in a political context, the use of H86 underscores key principles of authority and submission.
- Acknowledgment of Delegated Authority: The command to "Bow the knee" serves as the public's required response to the authority that Pharaoh did "give" or "make" H5414 unto Joseph. The physical act validates the new power structure.
- Gesture of Honor: Bowing is the prescribed posture of respect for Joseph as he is made to "ride" H7392 in the "second" H4932 "chariot" H4818. The honor is not just declared but must be physically shown by the populace.
- Public Proclamation: The command was "cried" H7121 out, ensuring that the transfer of power to Joseph was an undeniable public event witnessed and affirmed by all through their compliance Genesis 41:43.
In summary, H86 is a unique term whose singular instance is powerful and precise. While likely an Egyptian loanword, it functions within the biblical text to mark a crucial moment in Joseph's life. It is the literal command that seals his appointment as ruler, illustrating how a physical act of submission can be commanded to publicly ratify a new hierarchy and demonstrate the establishment of God-ordained authority.
TRV