### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew name **Tidʻâl**, represented by `{{H8413}}`, identifies a Canaanite king. The name's base definition is "fearfulness; Tidal, a Canaanite; Tidal." It is a rare term, appearing only **2 times** in **2 unique verses** in the Bible, both within the same narrative context.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H8413}}` appears as a member of a coalition of four invading kings. He is introduced as "**Tidal** king of nations" alongside Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, and Chedorlaomer king of Elam [[Genesis 14:1]]. His name and title are repeated when this alliance of four kings is listed as engaging in battle against five other kings [[Genesis 14:9]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for Tidal's identity and the political landscape he inhabited:
* `{{H4428}}` **melek** (a king): This word is used to define the role of Tidal and his allies, establishing them as sovereign rulers [[Genesis 14:1]].
* `{{H1471}}` **gôwy** (a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile): This term forms Tidal's unique title, "king of **nations**." It suggests he ruled over a collection of different peoples, tribes, or Gentiles, unlike the other kings who governed specific regions [[Genesis 14:9]].
* `{{H3540}}` **Kᵉdorlâʻômer** (Kedorlaomer, an early Persian king): The king of Elam, Chedorlaomer is a principal figure in the alliance in which Tidal participated [[Genesis 14:9]].
* `{{H702}}` **ʼarbaʻ** (four): This numeral specifies the exact size of the coalition led by Chedorlaomer, which included Tidal, Amraphel, and Arioch [[Genesis 14:9]].
### Theological Significance
The narrative significance of `{{H8413}}` is established entirely through his association with this conflict.
* **Foreign Alliance:** Tidal is always presented as part of a confederation of four foreign kings. This alliance included rulers from significant ancient territories like **ʻÊylâm** `{{H5867}}` and **Shinʻâr** `{{H8152}}` [[Genesis 14:1]].
* **King of Nations:** His distinct title, "king of **nations**" `{{H1471}}`, separates him from his allies. While they rule defined lands, his dominion is described more broadly, implying a ruler over a diverse group of peoples [[Genesis 14:1]].
* **Antagonistic Force:** The role of Tidal and his fellow kings is that of a military aggressor. The text explicitly states their purpose was to wage war, noting it was "**four** kings with **five**" [[Genesis 14:9]], establishing them as key adversaries in the account.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H8413}}` refers to a specific individual, Tidal, whose importance is derived from his role in the alliance of kings described in Genesis 14. He is defined by his unique title as "king of nations" and his participation in a significant military campaign. His two brief appearances serve to identify him as one of the key figures in this ancient conflict.
TRV