The Hebrew name Shammai, represented by H8060, means destructive. It appears 6 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible. The name is attributed to three different Israelites, primarily within the genealogical records of 1 Chronicles.
The name Shammai H8060 is found exclusively in the genealogical lists of 1 Chronicles. These records establish the lineage of the tribe of Judah. One Shammai is listed as a son of Ezra 1 Chronicles 4:17. Another is identified as the son of Onam and the brother of Jada; this Shammai had two sons, Nadab and Abishur (1 Chronicles 2:28, 1 Chronicles 2:32). A third Shammai is mentioned as the son of Rekem 1 Chronicles 2:44 and the father of Maon 1 Chronicles 2:45.
Several key Hebrew words help define the relational context of Shammai within these genealogies:
- H1121 bên (son): Defined as "a son (as a builder of the family name)," this word is fundamental to establishing the lineages involving Shammai, such as in "the sons of Onam were, Shammai, and Jada" 1 Chronicles 2:28.
- H251 ʼâch (brother): Meaning "a brother," this term specifies the kinship between individuals, as seen in the description of Jada as the brother of Shammai 1 Chronicles 2:32.
- H3205 yâlad (to beget): This root word, meaning "to beget;... to show lineage," directly establishes paternal lines. It is used to state that Rekem begat Shammai 1 Chronicles 2:44.
The mentions of Shammai H8060 are significant for their role in preserving the tribal history of Israel.
- Preserving Lineage: As a figure within the genealogies of Judah, Shammai serves as a vital link connecting generations. His name is recorded as both a son and a father, ensuring the continuity of the family line (1 Chronicles 2:28, 1 Chronicles 2:45).
- Establishing Kinship: The records explicitly define his relationships, identifying him as a son 1 Chronicles 2:44, a father 1 Chronicles 2:45, and a brother 1 Chronicles 2:32. This highlights the importance of familial structure in Israelite identity.
- Fathering Future Generations: Shammai is noted as the father of Nadab, Abishur, and Maon (1 Chronicles 2:28, 1 Chronicles 2:45). This contrasts with his nephew Jether, who "died without children," underscoring the significance of heirs in these records 1 Chronicles 2:32.
In summary, Shammai H8060 is a name associated with three individuals in the Old Testament, found exclusively in the genealogical records of 1 Chronicles. While the name itself means "destructive," its biblical function is constructive: to build a comprehensive account of Israel's ancestry. The references to Shammai as a son, brother, and father solidify his place within the larger narrative of the tribe of Judah's heritage.
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