### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Aramaic word **shâlûw**, represented by `{{H7960}}`, denotes a **fault** or **error**. It appears 4 times across 4 unique verses in the Bible. Based on its root, it conveys the idea of a fault, and is used idiomatically to mean a "thing amiss" or to "fail".
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H7960}}` is used to describe different kinds of failures. In the context of personal character, Daniel's adversaries could find no **error** or fault in him because he was faithful [[Daniel 6:4]]. It is also used in royal commands. A decree demands that provisions for burnt offerings be supplied "without **fail**" [[Ezra 6:9]], while another warns officials not to **fail** in their duty to halt construction, lest it result in damage to the kings [[Ezra 4:22]]. Finally, it is used to define blasphemy, where speaking any **thing amiss** against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego carries a severe penalty [[Daniel 3:29]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Aramaic words expand upon the concept of fault and faithfulness:
* `{{H7955}}` **shâlâh** (a wrong; thing amiss): From a corresponding root, this word is used with `{{H7960}}` to describe speaking a **thing amiss** against God [[Daniel 3:29]].
* `{{H7844}}` **shᵉchath** (corrupt, fault): This term is paired directly with **error** `{{H7960}}` to emphasize that Daniel's accusers could find no **fault** in him at all [[Daniel 6:4]].
* `{{H540}}` **ʼăman** (believe, faithful, sure): Presented as the antithesis to error, Daniel's lack of any `{{H7960}}` is explained by the fact that he was **faithful** `{{H540}}`.
### Theological Significance
The conceptual weight of `{{H7960}}` is tied to ideas of integrity, obedience, and consequence.
* **Personal Integrity:** The absence of **error** `{{H7960}}` is the ultimate measure of Daniel's character. His faithfulness to God rendered him blameless, and no **error** or fault could be found in him by his enemies [[Daniel 6:4]].
* **Royal and Divine Mandate:** The term underscores the non-negotiable nature of a command. Whether providing for temple sacrifices "without **fail**" [[Ezra 6:9]] or forbidding a **thing amiss** from being spoken against God [[Daniel 3:29]], the word implies a strict standard where failure has serious repercussions.
* **Political Consequence:** A failure to act can lead directly to negative outcomes. In Ezra, the command not to **fail** is motivated by the desire to prevent **damage** `{{H2257}}` and **hurt** `{{H5142}}` from growing against the kings [[Ezra 4:22]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7960}}` is not just a simple mistake but a significant Aramaic term for a fault with serious implications. It defines the blamelessness of the faithful, like Daniel, and sets the standard for absolute obedience to both royal and divine decrees. The word illustrates how an **error**, a **fail**ure in duty, or a **thing amiss** spoken can result in severe political or spiritual consequences, making its absence a mark of integrity and its presence a trigger for judgment.
TRV