### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **shᵉcharchôreth**, represented by `{{H7840}}`, is a term for **black** or **swarthy**. Derived from the root for "swarthy," it appears only **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the Bible, making its single usage highly significant for understanding its specific meaning within the text.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word's sole appearance is in the Song of Solomon. The speaker asks others not to look upon her, stating, "because I am **black**" `{{H7840}}` [[Song of Solomon 1:6]]. The text immediately explains the cause of this complexion, attributing it to the fact that "the **sun** `{{H8121}}` hath looked upon me." This context frames the word not as an intrinsic quality but as a temporary condition resulting from her labor as a keeper of the vineyards.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of `{{H7840}}` is illuminated by two key words used in its immediate context:
* `{{H7200}}` **râʼâh** (to see): This primitive root, meaning **to see** literally or figuratively, frames the entire statement. The speaker begins by pleading with others not to "Look" `{{H7200}}` upon her, focusing on the act of physical observation [[Song of Solomon 1:6]]. This word is also used to distinguish between fallible human sight and God's perfect perception [[1 Samuel 16:7]].
* `{{H8121}}` **shemesh** (the sun): This word for **the sun** is identified as the direct cause of the swarthiness described by `{{H7840}}`. While it acts as a physical agent in this verse, elsewhere it is used figuratively to describe God as a **sun** and shield [[Psalms 84:11]] and as the "Sun of righteousness" who brings healing [[Malachi 4:2]].
### Theological Significance
Although `{{H7840}}` appears only once, its context points to broader theological ideas centered on perception and value.
* **Physical vs. Divine Perception:** The request "Look not upon me" [[Song of Solomon 1:6]] introduces a theme of appearance versus reality. This resonates with the principle that God does not **see** `{{H7200}}` as man sees, for man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord looks on the heart [[1 Samuel 16:7]].
* **The Sun as a Metaphor:** The literal **sun** `{{H8121}}` that darkens the skin in Song of Solomon contrasts with its use as a divine metaphor. The Lord is called a **sun** that gives grace and glory [[Psalms 84:11]], representing a source of spiritual light and life rather than a force that merely alters physical appearance.
* **Seeing Beyond the Surface:** The verb **râʼâh** `{{H7200}}` frequently calls people to a deeper spiritual insight, such as to "taste and **see** that the LORD is good" [[Psalms 34:8]]. This encourages a focus beyond the superficial, like the swarthiness of `{{H7840}}`, toward perceiving true character and divine goodness.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7840}}` is a highly specific term whose meaning is derived entirely from its singular context in Song of Solomon. While it literally means **black** or **swarthy**, its significance is amplified by the surrounding text. It serves as a poignant illustration of the difference between outward appearance and inner worth, prompting a deeper exploration of how things are seen `{{H7200}}` and the symbolic power of the **sun** `{{H8121}}` in scripture.
TRV