English · KJV

H7738 Hebrew · Noun

שָׁוָה

shâvâh /shaw-vaw'/ Audio pronunciations are computer-generated and may not be fully accurate. Provided as a convenience only.

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verse
1
of 39 books
1
form
1
KJV rendering
1
Span of events 1520 BC
4004 BC390 BC
Roota primitive root
Meaningto destroy
In idiomssubstance (from the margin).

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word שָׁוָה (shâvâh), represented by H7738, is a primitive root meaning to destroy. It appears only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible, where it is used idiomatically to refer to substance. This extreme rarity makes its single appearance in the book of Job particularly significant.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

The sole instance of shâvâh is found in Job's lament in Job 30:22. In his suffering, Job cries out to God, “Thou liftest me up to the wind; thou causest me to ride upon it, and dissolvest my substance.” Here, the word contributes to the concept of “substance” being dissolved. The verse powerfully depicts a man feeling completely unmade by divine power, with his very being, or “substance” H8454, being destroyed by forces he cannot control.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of shâvâh is derived entirely from its singular, powerful use in the context of suffering.

  • The Fragility of Human Existence: The use of a word meaning “to destroy” to describe the dissolution of Job's “substance” H8454 underscores the biblical theme of human frailty. It illustrates that everything a person is or has built can be completely unmade.
  • The Overwhelming Power of God: The imagery in Job 30:22 portrays God's power as an elemental force. Job is lifted (nâsâʼ) by the wind (rûwach) and his substance is dissolved (mûwg), painting a picture of absolute divine sovereignty over human life.
  • A Portrait of Despair: As part of Job's lament, the verse gives voice to profound suffering. The use of shâvâh expresses the feeling of being actively and thoroughly dismantled by God, capturing the depth of the afflicted person's cry.

Summary

In summary, shâvâh is a highly specific term whose meaning is almost entirely defined by its lone appearance in Job 30:22. While its base definition is “to destroy,” it functions idiomatically to convey the total dissolution of a person's substance. Its presence in Job's cry of anguish provides one of Scripture's most vivid images of human vulnerability and the overwhelming nature of divine power as experienced from the depths of suffering.

Mentioned in the study 3

What the study says

The unique context of shâvâh is enriched by the words used alongside it in Job 30:22:

  • H5375 nâsâʼ (to lift): This word, used to describe Job being “lifted up” to the wind, has a wide range of applications, from physically lifting something up Isaiah 51:6 to God pardoning iniquity Micah 7:18 or being described as “lofty” Isaiah 57:15.
  • H4127 mûwg (to melt, dissolve): This word describes the action taken against Job's substance. It is a term of profound undoing, used elsewhere to describe mountains that “melt” Nahum 1:5 and inhabitants of a land who “faint” or “melt away” in terror (Joshua 2:9, Exodus 15:15).
  • H8454 tûwshîyâh (substance, sound wisdom): This is the word for the “substance” that is destroyed. Beyond a physical sense, it can mean “enterprise” Job 5:12 or “sound wisdom” Proverbs 2:7, suggesting Job felt his life's work and wisdom were being erased.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.