from an unused root meaning to pile together; a lump of clay; clod.
Transliteration:regeb
Pronunciation:reh'-gheb
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word רֶגֶב (`{{H7263}}`, *regeb*) is derived from an unused root that conveys the sense of "to pile together" or "to heap up." Its core meaning refers to a "lump of clay" or a "clod" of earth. This denotes a cohesive yet unrefined mass of soil, often formed by the natural processes of moisture and compaction. The semantic range is quite narrow, focusing on the physical state of earth in a consolidated form, distinct from loose dust or finely sifted soil. It speaks to a basic, tangible element of the ground.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term *regeb* (`{{H7263}}`) appears only twice in the Hebrew Bible, both instances found within the Book of Job, offering distinct yet complementary insights into its usage:
1. **[[Job 21:33]]**: "The clods of the valley are sweet to him; everyone follows after him, and those who go before him are innumerable."
* In this passage, Job is lamenting the apparent prosperity of the wicked, even in death. The "clods of the valley" (רִגְבֵי נַחַל) are a poetic reference to the grave, specifically the earth that covers the buried body. The phrase "sweet to him" suggests a peaceful and undisturbed rest, implying that even the unrighteous receive a tranquil burial. Here, *regeb* serves as a metonym for the burial ground, emphasizing the finality of death and the return of the body to the earth, a common fate for all humanity regardless of their earthly deeds.
2. **[[Job 38:38]]**: "When the dust hardens into a mass, and the clods cling together?"
* This verse occurs within God's powerful discourse from the whirlwind, challenging Job's understanding of creation and divine providence. God questions Job about the intricate workings of the natural world, specifically how rain causes dust to consolidate into cohesive "clods" (רְגָבִים). Here, *regeb* refers to the natural process by which loose earth becomes solidified or bound together, demonstrating God's meticulous control over even the most fundamental elements and processes of the earth. It highlights the divine wisdom and power manifest in the ordinary phenomena of nature.
### Related Words & Concepts
The concept of *regeb* (`{{H7263}}`) intersects with several related Hebrew terms and theological ideas:
* **Earth/Ground:** Words like *adamah* (אֲדָמָה, `{{H127}}`) and *eretz* (אֶרֶץ, `{{H776}}`) denote the general earth or land, providing the broader context for *regeb*.
* **Dust:** *Apar* (עָפָר, `{{H6083}}`) frequently refers to dust, often in connection with human mortality and creation (e.g., [[Genesis 2:7]], [[Genesis 3:19]]). *Regeb* represents a more solidified form of this basic material.
* **Clay:** *Chomer* (חֹמֶר, `{{H2563}}`) signifies clay, often used in the context of pottery or the creation of humanity, emphasizing the malleability and dependence of the created on the Creator (e.g., [[Job 10:9]], [[Isaiah 64:8]]). While *regeb* is a lump of earth, *chomer* often implies a more refined or workable form.
* **Mortality and Burial:** The usage in [[Job 21:33]] connects directly to the themes of death, burial, and the return to the earth, echoing the pronouncements in [[Genesis 3:19]].
* **Divine Control over Nature:** The usage in [[Job 38:38]] underscores God's absolute sovereignty and intricate involvement in the natural world, a pervasive theme in the wisdom literature.
### Theological Significance
Though appearing rarely, *regeb* (`{{H7263}}`) carries significant theological weight, particularly in its dual application within the Book of Job:
1. **The Universality of Mortality and the Grave:** In [[Job 21:33]], *regeb* serves as a stark reminder of humanity's inevitable return to the earth. The "clods of the valley" represent the final resting place for all, regardless of their status or righteousness in life. This emphasizes the leveling effect of death and the common destiny of all human beings to return to the dust from which they were formed. It underscores the transient nature of earthly life and the ultimate humility of the human condition before God.
2. **Divine Sovereignty and Wisdom in Creation:** The context of [[Job 38:38]] presents *regeb* as an illustration of God's meticulous and powerful governance over the natural world. The seemingly simple process of dust hardening and clods clinging together is presented as a testament to divine wisdom that far surpasses human comprehension. God's ability to orchestrate such fundamental processes highlights His omnipotence and omnipresence, demonstrating that even the most mundane elements of creation are subject to His precise design and control. This invites awe and reverence for the Creator who sustains the very fabric of the cosmos.
### Summary
The Hebrew word רֶגֶב (`{{H7263}}`, *regeb*), meaning "lump of clay" or "clod," is a rare but potent term found exclusively in the Book of Job. Its two occurrences offer profound theological insights. In [[Job 21:33]], *regeb* functions as a metonym for the grave, underscoring the universal reality of human mortality and the return of all bodies to the earth. This emphasizes the common destiny of humanity and the transient nature of earthly existence. In [[Job 38:38]], *regeb* serves as an example of God's intricate and powerful control over natural phenomena, demonstrating His wisdom in ordering the physical world. Together, these uses highlight themes of human humility before God, the leveling effect of death, and the awe-inspiring sovereignty of the Creator over every aspect of His creation, even down to the very clods of the earth.