### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **qâlaṭ**, represented by `{{H7038}}`, is a primitive root defined as **to maim** or **lacking in his parts**. This term is highly specific, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the entire biblical text, where it describes a particular type of physical blemish.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{H7038}}` occurs in Leviticus within the laws governing animal sacrifices. The law states that a bullock or lamb that is "lacking in his parts" `{{H7038}}` or has a "superfluous" `{{H8311}}` feature is considered blemished. While such an animal could be presented as a freewill offering `{{H5071}}`, it was explicitly forbidden from being used to fulfill a vow `{{H5088}}`, for which it would not be "accepted" `{{H7521}}` by God [[Leviticus 22:23]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its context clarify the regulations surrounding offerings:
* `{{H8311}}` **sâraʻ** (superfluous thing): This word appears as the direct counterpart to `{{H7038}}` in its only verse, meaning "to be deformed by excess of members" [[Leviticus 22:23]]. It describes an animal with an extra part, which is also considered a blemish [[Leviticus 21:18]].
* `{{H5071}}` **nᵉdâbâh** (freewill offering): This term defines the type of offering for which an animal described as `{{H7038}}` was permissible. It signifies a "spontaneous" or "willing offering" brought from the heart, as when the Israelites brought materials for the tabernacle [[Exodus 35:29]].
* `{{H5088}}` **neder** (vow): This term defines a binding "promise (to God)" and the type of offering for which an animal with a `{{H7038}}` defect was unacceptable. Vows were considered serious obligations that must be fulfilled precisely [[Numbers 30:2]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H7038}}` is tied to the principles of holiness and sacrifice in the Old Testament.
* **Standards for Holiness:** The term helps establish the high standard for offerings presented to God, especially for binding commitments like a vow. An animal that was maimed or "lacking in his parts" did not meet the requirement of physical perfection, which symbolized wholeness and worthiness.
* **The Nature of Offerings:** Its use in [[Leviticus 22:23]] draws a clear line between a formal vow `{{H5088}}` and a freewill offering `{{H5071}}`. This distinction suggests that while God accepts gifts given from a willing heart, more stringent requirements apply to offerings made to satisfy a sacred promise.
* **Symbolic Integrity:** The concept of being physically complete was a crucial symbol for spiritual integrity. Both lacking a part `{{H7038}}` and having a superfluous one `{{H8311}}` were disqualifying blemishes for the most sacred offerings, underscoring a divine preference for order and perfection.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7038}}` is a rare but precise term that defines a specific physical defect—being "lacking in his parts." Its single appearance in scripture is significant, as it helps delineate the stringent requirements for animals used in sacrifices. It illustrates the theological distinction between a binding vow and a freewill offering, reflecting the broader biblical theme that what is dedicated to God should be whole and without blemish.
TRV