from an unused root meaning to split; fissure; Tselek, an Israelite; Zelek.
Transliteration:Tseleq
Pronunciation:tseh'-lek
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew term H6768, transliterated as *Tseleq* (צֶלֶק), functions exclusively as a proper noun in the biblical text. Its base definition derives from an unused root meaning "to split" or "fissure." While the etymological root suggests a physical characteristic or action, its application to a person's name typically points to a symbolic meaning, a family characteristic, or perhaps a place of origin. For a proper noun, the semantic range is limited to the individual it identifies. In this case, Tseleq is known solely as one of King David's elite warriors, one of the "mighty men." The potential etymological connection to "splitting" or "fissure" is not explicitly expounded upon in the biblical narrative concerning Tseleq, but it could subtly allude to his prowess in battle (splitting enemies) or, more intriguingly, to his being "split" from his ethnic heritage to serve the God of Israel and His anointed king.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
Tseleq is mentioned in two parallel passages within the historical books, both enumerating the valiant warriors who served King David:
* [[2 Samuel 23:37]]: "Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah."
* [[1 Chronicles 11:39]]: "Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah."
In both instances, Tseleq is identified as "the Ammonite." This is a profoundly significant detail. The Ammonites were perennial enemies of Israel, often characterized by their hostility and idolatry (e.g., [[Deuteronomy 23:3-6]], [[Judges 3:13]], [[1 Samuel 11]]). Yet, Tseleq, an Ammonite by birth, is listed among David's most trusted and formidable warriors, a member of "the thirty" (or "the mighty men"). His inclusion underscores David's remarkable ability to inspire loyalty and gather diverse individuals into his service, transcending traditional ethnic and national animosities. Tseleq's presence in this esteemed list speaks to his exceptional valor, skill, and unwavering devotion to David and, by extension, to the kingdom of God established through David. He stands as a testament to the fact that allegiance and service could supersede ethnic origin.
### Related Words & Concepts
The study of Tseleq naturally connects to several broader biblical themes and lexical entries:
* **The "Mighty Men" (גִּבֹּרִים - `{{H1368}}`):** Tseleq is part of this elite group of warriors, known for their extraordinary courage, strength, and loyalty to David. Their collective narrative highlights themes of dedication, military prowess, and the formation of a loyal cadre around God's anointed king.
* **Ammonites (עַמּוֹן - `{{H5983}}`):** Understanding the historical and theological animosity between Israel and Ammon is crucial for appreciating the significance of an Ammonite serving in David's army. This provides a stark contrast that highlights Tseleq's unique position.
* **Foreigners in Israelite Service:** Tseleq's status as an Ammonite serving David aligns him with other notable non-Israelites who devoted themselves to David and the God of Israel, such as Uriah the Hittite and Ittai the Gittite. These figures exemplify loyalty and faith that transcend ethnic boundaries, foreshadowing a more inclusive kingdom.
* **Loyalty and Service:** Tseleq embodies the virtues of loyalty and dedicated service to a righteous king, regardless of one's background.
### Theological Significance
The inclusion of Tseleq the Ammonite among David's mighty men carries profound theological significance:
* **God's Sovereignty and Inclusivity:** Tseleq's presence demonstrates God's sovereign ability to draw individuals from all nations and backgrounds into His service and purposes. It prefigures the New Testament revelation of a kingdom where ethnic distinctions are transcended (e.g., [[Galatians 3:28]], [[Colossians 3:11]]).
* **Breaking Down Barriers:** Tseleq's loyalty to David, despite his Ammonite heritage, serves as a powerful illustration of the breaking down of traditional barriers and animosities through allegiance to a common, righteous cause. This resonates with the redemptive work of Christ, who reconciles diverse peoples into one body ([[Ephesians 2:14-16]]).
* **Transformation and Redemption:** An individual from a nation historically hostile to Israel becomes a devoted servant of Israel's king. This narrative subtly points to the transformative power of divine calling and allegiance, where past enmities can be overcome by a greater loyalty.
* **Valued Service:** Tseleq's honored place in the list of mighty men underscores that God values faithful service and valor regardless of one's origin. It emphasizes that true allegiance to God's kingdom is not determined by birthright alone, but by character and action.
### Summary
Tseleq (H6768, צֶלֶק) is a proper noun referring to one of King David's valiant "mighty men," mentioned in [[2 Samuel 23:37]] and [[1 Chronicles 11:39]]. His name derives from an unused root meaning "to split" or "fissure," though its direct application to his character is not explicitly stated. Critically, Tseleq is identified as "the Ammonite," a member of a nation traditionally hostile to Israel. His inclusion among David's elite warriors highlights profound theological themes: God's inclusive sovereignty, the breaking down of ethnic barriers through a common allegiance, and the transformative power of loyalty that transcends traditional animosities. Tseleq stands as a testament to the fact that valor and faithful service are valued in God's kingdom, irrespective of one's background, foreshadowing the universal scope of God's redemptive plan.
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