### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **pittûwach**, represented by `{{H6603}}`, is a term for sculpture or engraved work. As the passive participle of the verb **pâthach** `{{H6605}}`, it refers to the finished product of carving or engraving. It appears 11 times across 11 unique verses, often describing intricate and meaningful designs on significant objects.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H6603}}` is primarily associated with the construction of sacred items for worship. It is used repeatedly in Exodus to describe the **engravings** on the priestly garments, specifically the stones bearing the **names** `{{H8034}}` of the children of Israel ([[Exodus 28:11]], [[Exodus 28:21]], [[Exodus 39:14]]). The craftsmanship is specified to be "like the **engravings** of a signet" [[Exodus 28:36]], indicating a high standard of detail. This same skill was used to inscribe "HOLINESS TO THE LORD" on the golden plate of the high priest's crown [[Exodus 39:30]]. Beyond the tabernacle, it also describes the **carved** `{{H6603}}` figures of cherubim and palm trees that adorned the walls of Solomon's temple [[1 Kings 6:29]]. The value of this work is later highlighted when its destruction is mourned [[Psalms 74:6]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide a fuller picture of the art of engraving:
* `{{H6605}}` **pâthach**: This is the root verb meaning to open, plough, or **carve**. It describes the action that results in a **pittûwach**. In Exodus, the instruction is to **grave** `{{H6605}}` upon a gold plate with the **engravings** `{{H6603}}` of a signet [[Exodus 28:36]].
* `{{H2368}}` **chôwthâm**: A **seal** or **signet**. This word is consistently used as the benchmark for the quality and permanence of the engraved work, as in "like the engravings of a **signet**" [[Exodus 28:21]]. It implies a unique and authoritative mark.
* `{{H2796}}` **chârâsh**: This word denotes a craftsman, artificer, or **engraver**. It identifies the skilled individual responsible for creating the carvings, as described in the instructions for the priestly stones which were to be made with the "work of an **engraver**" [[Exodus 28:11]].
* `{{H2450}}` **châkâm**: Meaning **wise** or **skilful**, this term describes the necessary quality of the artisan. A man who was **cunning** `{{H2450}}` and had **skill** `{{H3045}}` to **grave** `{{H6605}}` was sought for the temple's construction [[2 Chronicles 2:7]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H6603}}` is significant, tying artistry to divine purpose.
* **Permanent Memorial:** The engraving of the names of Israel's tribes on stones worn by the high priest served as a permanent representation of the people before God ([[Exodus 28:11]], [[Exodus 28:21]]). The carving in stone signified an enduring memorial.
* **Declaration of Sanctity:** The **engravings** `{{H6603}}` on the holy crown, "HOLINESS TO THE LORD," visibly consecrated the high priest and his service to God [[Exodus 28:36]]. The carving made this declaration a permanent and central part of his identity.
* **Divine Redemption:** In a prophetic context, the LORD himself declares, "I will **engrave** the **graving** thereof" on a stone set before Joshua [[Zechariah 3:9]]. This divine act of engraving is directly linked to the removal of the land's iniquity, showing that God's own carving is an act of ultimate redemption.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H6603}}` is far more than a simple term for carving. It represents a form of sacred art used to establish identity, declare holiness, and serve as a permanent memorial in Israel's worship. From the names of the tribes on the priest's breastplate to the divine promise of a redemptive engraving by God himself [[Zechariah 3:9]], **pittûwach** illustrates how a physical craft can carry profound spiritual and theological meaning.
TRV