### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **Pᵉlesheth**, represented by `{{H6429}}`, refers to a region known as Philistia, Palestine, or Palestina. Derived from a root meaning "rolling, i.e. migratory," it appears **8 times** in **8 unique verses**. The term is used to identify both the land and the people known as the Philistines.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H6429}}` is frequently portrayed as a neighboring nation often in opposition to Israel. Following the Exodus, the inhabitants of **Palestina** are described as being seized by **sorrow** and fear upon hearing of God's mighty acts [[Exodus 15:14]]. The Philistines are listed among a confederacy of enemies who conspire against Israel [[Psalms 83:7]]. In prophetic declarations, God asserts His sovereignty over **Philistia** alongside Moab and Edom ([[Psalms 60:8]], [[Psalms 108:9]]). Isaiah delivers a specific judgment against "whole **Palestina**," warning of its dissolution by a **smoke** from the **north** [[Isaiah 14:31]], while Joel calls the "coasts of **Palestine**" to account for their actions [[Joel 3:4]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help define the context of `{{H6429}}` as a regional power and frequent adversary:
* `{{H123}}` **ʼĔdôm** (Edom): A nation frequently mentioned alongside **Philistia** in prophetic judgments, highlighting their shared status as subjects of God's sovereign rule ([[Psalms 60:8]], [[Psalms 108:9]]).
* `{{H6865}}` **Tsôr** (Tyre): A prominent coastal city often associated with **Philistia** and **Zidon**, forming a regional bloc that would face divine recompense ([[Joel 3:4]], [[Psalms 83:7]]).
* `{{H4124}}` **Môwʼâb** (Moab): Like Edom, **Moab** is listed with **Philistia** as a nation over whom God claims victory and authority ([[Psalms 60:8]], [[Psalms 108:9]]).
* `{{H7264}}` **râgaz** (to be afraid): This word describes the emotional state of **Palestina**'s inhabitants upon hearing of God's power, signifying their reaction to divine intervention [[Exodus 15:14]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H6429}}` is seen primarily through its role in God's judgment and sovereignty over the nations.
* **Subject of Prophetic Warning:** **Palestina** is the target of direct prophecy, warned not to rejoice prematurely at an enemy's fall, as a greater threat is coming [[Isaiah 14:29]]. This establishes God's authority to declare the fate of nations.
* **Adversary of God's People:** The Philistines are counted among those who plot against Israel, representing the persistent opposition faced by God's chosen people [[Psalms 83:7]].
* **Object of Divine Sovereignty:** God uses **Philistia** as an example of His dominion, referring to it as a conquered territory alongside Edom and Moab [[Psalms 108:9]]. Its inhabitants' fear after the Exodus serves as a testament to God's power over all peoples [[Exodus 15:14]].
* **Inclusion in Zion:** In a striking contrast, **Philistia** is mentioned with Tyre and Ethiopia in a psalm about Zion, where it is said of them, "this man was born there," suggesting a future inclusion among those who know God [[Psalms 87:4]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H6429}}` **Pᵉlesheth** is a term defining a key geographical and political entity in the Old Testament. While typically depicted as an antagonist nation subject to the fear of God's power and prophetic judgment, its inclusion in a psalm about Zion's global reach adds a layer of complexity. The word illustrates the dynamic relationship between Israel and its neighbors, and ultimately, God's sovereign hand over all nations, whether in judgment or in an unexpected extension of grace.
TRV