### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **pᵉlîylîyâh**, represented by `{{H6417}}`, refers to **judicature** or **judgment**. It is a very specific term, appearing only **1 time** in the single verse of [[Isaiah 28:7]]. Its sole usage is within a strong condemnation of failed leadership, tying the act of judgment directly to the moral and physical state of the judge.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single appearance of `{{H6417}}` is found in a warning against the priests and prophets of Israel. The passage states that these spiritual leaders "have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way." Their intoxication has corrupted their faculties, causing them to be "swallowed up of wine" and to "err in vision." The verse culminates by stating that "they stumble in **judgment**" [[Isaiah 28:7]], showing that their compromised state makes them incapable of rendering sound decisions.
### Related Words & Concepts
The context of corrupted judgment is clarified by several words used alongside `{{H6417}}` in its only appearance:
* `{{H7686}}` **shâgâh** (to stray, err, be ravished): This word describes the core error of the priests and prophets. Intoxication causes them to stray from their path and their duty. This is the same word used in [[Proverbs 20:1]], which states that whoever is "deceived" by wine and strong drink is not wise.
* `{{H6328}}` **pûwq** (to waver; stumble): This verb is directly paired with **judgment** in [[Isaiah 28:7]]. It depicts their judicature not as firm and stable, but as unsteady and faltering, like a man who cannot walk straight.
* `{{H3548}}` **kôhên** (one officiating, a priest): This identifies one of the parties failing in their duty. Priests, who were meant to be ministers of the LORD [[Joel 2:17]], are shown stumbling in the very judgment they were appointed to uphold.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H6417}}` is derived entirely from its pointed use in [[Isaiah 28:7]].
* **Corrupted Spiritual Authority:** The word's context is a direct rebuke of compromised leadership. It shows that the ability to exercise righteous **judgment** is not merely a matter of position, but is dependent on the spiritual and moral integrity of the leader.
* **The Link Between Conduct and Function:** The passage establishes a clear cause-and-effect relationship between indulgence ("wine" and "strong drink") and the failure to perform sacred duties. The inability to render proper **judgment** is a direct consequence of being "swallowed up" by intoxicants.
* **Failure of Perception:** Stumbling in **judgment** is presented alongside erring in "vision" `{{H7203}}`. This parallel illustrates that poor judgment is part of a wider spiritual collapse where leaders can no longer see or decide clearly, undermining their entire purpose.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H6417}}` provides a concise but powerful concept of **judgment**. Though used only once, its appearance within a denunciation of corrupt spiritual leaders serves as a stark warning. It illustrates that righteous judgment requires clarity and stability, and that personal conduct which causes one to "err" `{{H7686}}` and "stumble" `{{H6328}}` directly disqualifies a leader from executing their duties faithfully.
TRV