The Hebrew word ʻelem, represented by H5958, is defined as "something kept out of sight, i.e. a lad; young man, stripling." Derived from the root word עָלַם, it points specifically to a male in his youth. It appears 2 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible, making it a rare but specific term.
In its biblical usage, H5958 appears exclusively in the book of 1 Samuel to describe a young male. In one instance, Jonathan gives instructions concerning a message he will deliver to a young man as a signal for David 1 Samuel 20:22. In another context, a king asks for an inquiry to be made about whose son a certain stripling is, highlighting the youth's significance in that moment 1 Samuel 17:56.
Several related words help frame the context in which H5958 is used:
- H559 ʼâmar (to say): This primitive root for speaking is used in both verses where ʻelem appears. It is used when Jonathan formulates what he will say to the young man 1 Samuel 20:22 and when the king said to inquire about the stripling 1 Samuel 17:56.
- H1121 bên (son): This word is crucial for defining identity and lineage. It is used directly with ʻelem when the king asks to identify the stripling by finding out whose son he is 1 Samuel 17:56, linking a young man's status to his family name.
While its usage is limited, the context of H5958 carries some theological weight.
- Instrument in God's Providence: A "young man" is used as a key part of Jonathan's plan to signal David, a plan that concludes with the acknowledgment that "the LORD hath sent thee away" 1 Samuel 20:22. This shows how even a minor figure can be an instrument within God's sovereign will.
- Significance of Youth and Lineage: The pointed question, "Enquire thou whose son the stripling is" 1 Samuel 17:56, underscores that a young person's identity and future significance are tied to their heritage. This reflects the broader biblical importance of lineage and covenantal promises passed through generations.
In summary, H5958 ʻelem is a precise term for a "young man" or "stripling." Though it appears only twice, its use in the narratives of 1 Samuel places it at pivotal moments. The word serves to highlight the role of youth within the unfolding of God's plans and emphasizes the foundational importance of paternal lineage in establishing a person's identity.
TRV