### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word `{{H5951}}` (ʻălîytsûwth), transliterated as ʻălîytsûwth, denotes a profound state of "exultation" or "rejoicing." It is derived from the verbal root `{{H5937}}` (ʻālats), which carries the primary meaning "to exult, to rejoice, to triumph." The suffix -ûwth transforms the verb into an abstract noun, emphasizing the quality or state of exultation. Unlike a general sense of happiness, ʻălîytsûwth implies an elevated, often demonstrative, and triumphant form of joy. It suggests a vibrant, sometimes boisterous, expression of delight, often in response to victory, deliverance, or a significant, joyous occasion. It is a joy that is not merely internal but finds outward expression, reflecting a deep-seated elation.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
Remarkably, `{{H5951}}` appears only once in the entire Hebrew Bible, making its singular occurrence particularly significant for understanding its specific nuance.
* **[[Psalm 45:15]]**: "With gladness and exultation they are led in; they enter the palace of the King."
In this solitary instance, ʻălîytsûwth is found within the context of a royal wedding psalm, often interpreted as a messianic prophecy depicting the union of Christ (the King) with His bride (the Church). The verse describes the procession of the bride and her companions into the King's palace. Here, ʻălîytsûwth is paired with `{{H8057}}` (śimḥāh), meaning "joy" or "gladness." The combination "gladness and exultation" suggests a cumulative intensity, emphasizing a profound and overflowing joy. This is not a subdued happiness but a triumphant, celebratory entry, befitting a royal occasion of immense significance. The exultation is a fitting response to being brought into the very presence of the King, signifying acceptance, honor, and the culmination of a grand divine purpose.
### Related Words & Concepts
Understanding `{{H5951}}` is greatly aided by examining its root and other related terms for joy and celebration in Hebrew:
* **`{{H5937}}` (ʻālats)**: The verbal root from which ʻălîytsûwth is derived. This root is frequently used to describe rejoicing, often in a context of triumph over enemies ([[Psalm 9:2]], [[Psalm 25:2]]), or exultation in the Lord's salvation and righteousness ([[Psalm 28:7]], [[Psalm 149:5]]). This connection reinforces the idea of ʻălîytsûwth as a joy associated with victory, vindication, or divine favor.
* **`{{H8057}}` (śimḥāh)**: A very common word for "joy" or "gladness." As seen in [[Psalm 45:15]], it is paired with ʻălîytsûwth, suggesting that ʻălîytsûwth represents a heightened, more intense, or specific form of śimḥāh. While śimḥāh can be general, ʻălîytsûwth points to a more ecstatic, triumphant expression.
* **`{{H1523}}` (gîl)**: To "rejoice" or "shout for joy," often with a sense of trembling or awe. This term also conveys a strong, outward expression of joy, sometimes with a physical manifestation.
* **`{{H7442}}` (rānan)**: To "shout for joy," "sing," or "utter a ringing cry." This word emphasizes the vocal and audible expression of joy, often in worship or celebration.
The common thread among these related terms and ʻălîytsûwth is the concept of a joy that is not merely internal but finds an outward, often boisterous, and public expression, particularly in response to divine action or significant events.
### Theological Significance
Despite its singular occurrence, `{{H5951}}` carries profound theological significance, particularly within the context of [[Psalm 45:15]]. The psalm is widely understood as a royal wedding song with strong messianic and eschatological overtones.
1. **Redemptive Joy**: The ʻălîytsûwth described is not a superficial happiness but a joy born from salvation and divine favor. The bride, representing God's people, is led into the King's palace, symbolizing the ultimate union and blessedness found in God's presence. This exultation is a response to being chosen, redeemed, and brought into intimate fellowship with the Divine King.
2. **Triumphant Entry**: The word emphasizes a triumphant and celebratory entry. This speaks to the victory of Christ and the ultimate triumph of His kingdom. The exultation is fitting for those who have overcome, or rather, have been carried to victory by the King. It anticipates the glorious procession of the redeemed into the heavenly city.
3. **Corporate and Eschatological Hope**: The procession is communal, representing a collective body (the Church). This ʻălîytsûwth points to the future, ultimate rejoicing of the entire redeemed community as they enter into the consummated kingdom of God. It is a foretaste of the "marriage supper of the Lamb" ([[Revelation 19:7-9]]) and the eternal fellowship with God, characterized by unbridled joy and celebration.
4. **Divine Presence**: Ultimately, ʻălîytsûwth is the appropriate response to entering the very presence of the King. It highlights the immense privilege and joy of being brought into the divine dwelling place, a state of ultimate peace, security, and blessedness.
### Summary
`{{H5951}}` (ʻălîytsûwth) is a rare but potent Hebrew word signifying intense "exultation" or "rejoicing." Derived from the root `{{H5937}}` ("to exult, triumph"), it denotes a joy that is not merely internal but is expressed outwardly, often with a sense of triumph and celebration. Its singular appearance in [[Psalm 45:15]] is highly significant, where it describes the joyous and triumphant procession of the bride into the King's palace. Theologically, ʻălîytsûwth encapsulates the profound, redemptive, and eschatological joy of God's people as they are brought into the glorious presence of their King, symbolizing the ultimate union and celebration in the divine kingdom. It is a vibrant expression of delight fitting for the culmination of God's saving work.
TRV