### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʻêṭ**, represented by `{{H5842}}`, is a specific term for a **stylus or marking stick; pen**. It appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses**, indicating its use in specific, significant contexts. Its base definition, derived from a word meaning "swooping" or "side-long stroke," points to a tool used for engraving or writing with lasting effect.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H5842}}` is used to convey a sense of permanence and authority in writing. Jeremiah uses it to describe the sin of Judah as being "written with a **pen** of iron" and engraved on their hearts, signifying its indelible nature [[Jeremiah 17:1]]. Similarly, Job expresses his desire for his words to be "graven with an iron **pen** and lead in the rock for ever" [[Job 19:24]]. The word is also used metaphorically in Psalms, where a tongue speaking of the king is called "the **pen** of a ready writer" [[Psalms 45:1]]. However, Jeremiah also warns of its misuse, stating the "pen of the scribes is in vain" when it is used to misrepresent the law of the LORD [[Jeremiah 8:8]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the function and context of the pen:
* `{{H3789}}` **kâthab** (to grave, by implication, to write): This is the primary action associated with the `ʻêṭ`. It is used when the sin of Judah is "written" with an iron pen [[Jeremiah 17:1]] and when God's law is to be "written" on the heart [[Jeremiah 31:33]].
* `{{H2672}}` **châtsab** (to cut or carve... hew, engrave): This verb describes the physical process of making a permanent mark, as wished for by Job when he hoped his words would be "graven" in rock with a pen [[Job 19:24]].
* `{{H5608}}` **çâphar** (to score with a mark... inscribe... writer): This term refers to the one who wields the pen. It is used to describe both the "ready writer" in [[Psalms 45:1]] and the deceitful "scribes" in [[Jeremiah 8:8]], showing the role's capacity for both good and evil.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H5842}}` is demonstrated in its powerful imagery.
* **Indelible Record of Sin:** The pen is a tool that makes a permanent mark. In [[Jeremiah 17:1]], the "pen of iron" graves sin upon "the table of their heart," illustrating that rebellion against God is not a fleeting act but a deeply inscribed condition.
* **Tool of Truth and Falsehood:** The `ʻêṭ` represents the dual capacity of the written word. It is a metaphor for a tongue divinely inspired to speak truth [[Psalms 45:1]], but it can also become a vain instrument in the hands of scribes who create falsehood [[Jeremiah 8:8]].
* **Aspiration for Enduring Testimony:** The pen symbolizes the desire for a lasting legacy. Job’s cry for his words to be "graven with an iron pen" [[Job 19:24]] reflects a deep human need for one's testimony to endure beyond death, preserved in an unchangeable record.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5842}}` is more than a simple writing implement. It is a potent symbol for permanence, authority, and record-keeping. Whether used to inscribe sin on the heart, express a desire for an eternal testimony, or serve as a metaphor for a divinely guided tongue, the `ʻêṭ` highlights the profound and lasting power of the written word in scripture.
TRV