### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʻûwb**, represented by `{{H5743}}`, is a primitive root meaning **to be dense or dark, i.e. to becloud; cover with a cloud**. Although it appears only **2 times** in a single biblical verse, its usage provides a powerful metaphor for divine judgment and displeasure.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole instance of `{{H5743}}` is found in [[Lamentations 2:1]], where it is used both as a verb and a noun to describe a dramatic act of God. The verse laments how the Lord has **covered** the daughter of Zion **with a cloud** in His anger. This imagery vividly portrays Zion, once seen as the beautiful and favored of God, being obscured and darkened as a direct result of divine wrath. The action of being "beclouded" is explicitly linked to God's anger and is presented alongside the act of casting down Israel's beauty from heaven to earth.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its context in [[Lamentations 2:1]] help clarify its meaning:
* `{{H136}}` **ʼĂdônây** (the Lord): This is the agent who performs the act of covering with a cloud. As an emphatic name for God, it highlights the sovereign authority behind the judgment ([[Isaiah 6:1]], [[Jeremiah 32:17]]).
* `{{H639}}` **ʼaph** (anger): This is the motivation for the action. Defined as ire or wrath, it is the direct cause for Zion being "beclouded" [[Lamentations 2:1]]. God's anger is a significant theme, though it is described as momentary compared to His life-giving favor [[Psalms 30:5]].
* `{{H7993}}` **shâlak** (to throw out, down or away): This word is used in parallel with `{{H5743}}` in [[Lamentations 2:1]], where God is described as having "cast down" Israel's beauty. This reinforces the idea of active rejection and removal from a place of honor, such as being cast away from God's presence [[Psalms 51:11]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H5743}}` is concentrated in its powerful imagery of judgment.
* **Symbol of Divine Displeasure:** To be covered with a cloud by the Lord is to be enveloped in darkness and obscurity. It signifies the withdrawal of divine favor and the hiding of God's face, a stark contrast to the light of His presence.
* **Active Judgment:** The use of `{{H5743}}` is not a passive description of a gloomy state. It is an active verb describing what the Lord `{{H136}}` does in His anger `{{H639}}`. It is a deliberate act of judgment that obscures the glory of His people.
* **Consequence of Anger:** The word is inextricably linked to divine wrath in its only scriptural context. The "cloud" is a manifestation of God's anger against Zion, demonstrating the severe consequences of provoking Him.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5743}}` is a rare but highly descriptive term for divine judgment. Its meaning, "to cover with a cloud," is used in scripture to create a potent metaphor for God actively obscuring His people in His anger. The single occurrence in [[Lamentations 2:1]] paints a sobering picture of disfavor and rejection, illustrating how a physical phenomenon can be used to convey the profound theological reality of God's wrath.
TRV