### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʻâbôth**, represented by `{{H5687}}`, describes something that is **intwined, i.e. dense; thick**. It is a specific term that appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses** in the Bible. It is primarily used to characterize the dense foliage of trees.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The use of `{{H5687}}` in scripture presents a significant contrast. In Ezekiel, the prophets condemn the Israelites for conducting idolatrous worship under "every **thick** oak" [[Ezekiel 6:13]] and upon seeing "all the **thick** trees" on high hills [[Ezekiel 20:28]]. In these contexts, the dense foliage is associated with forbidden rites and places of false worship. Conversely, in Leviticus and Nehemiah, the "boughs of **thick** trees" are commanded to be gathered as part of the celebration of the Feast of Tabernacles, a time of rejoicing before the LORD ([[Leviticus 23:40]]; [[Nehemiah 8:15]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context in which `{{H5687}}` is found:
* `{{H6086}}` **ʻêts** (a tree): This is the general term for a tree, and it appears alongside `{{H5687}}` in all four of its occurrences, specifying that it is the trees that are "thick" ([[Leviticus 23:40]]; [[Nehemiah 8:15]]; [[Ezekiel 6:13]]; [[Ezekiel 20:28]]).
* `{{H424}}` **ʼêlâh** (an oak or other strong tree): This word specifies the type of tree in Ezekiel's prophecy, where idolatry was practiced under every "**thick** oak" [[Ezekiel 6:13]], highlighting the use of sturdy, prominent trees for these rituals.
* `{{H2022}}` **har** (a mountain or range of hills): The locations of the "thick" trees are often on a **mount** or hill ([[Ezekiel 6:13]]; [[Nehemiah 8:15]]), which were significant sites for both holy encounters and pagan worship.
* `{{H6057}}` **ʻânâph** (a twig): This word is used in Leviticus to describe the "boughs of **thick** trees" that were to be gathered for the feast, specifying the part of the tree used in worship [[Leviticus 23:40]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H5687}}` is tied to its dual usage, illustrating how the natural world can be used for opposing spiritual purposes.
* **A Setting for Idolatry:** The denseness of the trees provided seclusion for illicit worship. The term is used by Ezekiel to condemn Israel for turning these natural sanctuaries into places for offering "sweet savour to all their idols" [[Ezekiel 6:13]].
* **An Instrument of Holy Worship:** The same "thick" trees are commanded by God to be part of a joyful celebration. Their branches were used to construct booths, a central part of the Feast of Tabernacles, a time to "rejoice before the LORD your God" [[Leviticus 23:40]].
* **Creation's Consecration:** The word implicitly raises the question of how creation is to be used. While the lushness of a "thick" tree can be co-opted for pagan rites, its proper purpose is found in the worship and celebration of the Creator.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5687}}` is a precise descriptor for density, specifically the thick foliage of trees. Though rare, its usage is theologically significant, standing at the crossroads of worship and rebellion. It demonstrates that the same elements of God's creation can either become a backdrop for idolatry or be consecrated as instruments for holy rejoicing, reminding believers of the importance of directing all things toward God.
TRV