### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʻăbîy**, represented by `{{H5672}}`, refers to **density**, specifically in the sense of **depth**, **width**, or **thickness**. It appears 4 times in 4 unique verses in the Bible. The term is consistently used to describe the physical substance and dimension of an object, whether architectural or part of an armament.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{H5672}}` is primarily used to provide specific measurements for significant, man-made objects. For example, it describes the **thickness** of the large bronze basin, or molten sea, in Solomon's temple as being a handbreadth ([[1 Kings 7:26]]; [[2 Chronicles 4:5]]). Similarly, it is used to detail the **thickness** of the two large, hollow pillars at the temple's entrance, which was four fingers [[Jeremiah 52:21]]. Beyond architecture, the word is used metaphorically in the book of Job to describe the **thick** bosses on a warrior's shield, symbolizing a man's defiant and futile charge against the Almighty [[Job 15:26]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words, often units of measure, appear alongside `{{H5672}}` to provide detailed descriptions:
* `{{H2947}}` **ṭêphach** (hand-breadth): This term, a spread of the hand, is used as the specific measure of the **thickness** of the molten sea in the temple [[1 Kings 7:26]].
* `{{H676}}` **ʼetsbaʻ** (finger): As a smaller unit of measure, a **finger**'s width is used to define the **thickness** of the hollow temple pillars [[Jeremiah 52:21]]. Elsewhere, **fingers** are associated with God's creative work [[Psalms 8:3]] or human skill in warfare [[Psalms 144:1]].
* `{{H520}}` **ʼammâh** (cubit): This larger unit of measure, the forearm, is used in the same context as `{{H5672}}` to describe the overall **height** and circumference of the temple pillars, providing a complete picture of their grand scale [[Jeremiah 52:21]].
### Theological Significance
The application of `{{H5672}}` carries symbolic weight beyond simple measurement.
* **Structural Integrity:** The specified **thickness** of key items in the temple, such as the pillars [[Jeremiah 52:21]] and the great basin [[1 Kings 7:26]], underscores their strength, stability, and permanence as objects dedicated to God. This attention to detail reflects the importance and solidity of the place of worship.
* **Metaphor of Pride:** In Job, the term is used figuratively. The **thick** bosses of a warrior's bucklers represent the hardened pride and false sense of security of a man who foolishly runs against God [[Job 15:26]]. Here, **thickness** is not a virtue but a symbol of defiant, impenetrable arrogance.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5672}}` is a precise term for physical **thickness** and density. While it appears only a few times, its usage is significant, defining the substantial nature of sacred architectural elements within the temple. Furthermore, its metaphorical use in Job transforms it from a simple measurement into a powerful symbol of hardened rebellion. The word illustrates how a descriptive detail can convey both the divinely ordered solidity of holy things and the foolish, self-assured strength of human pride.
TRV