### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **çᵉthâv**, represented by `{{H5638}}`, is a specific term for **winter**. Derived from a root suggesting "to hide," it frames winter as the dark season. Its rarity is notable, as it appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse**, giving its single usage significant weight.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole biblical appearance of `{{H5638}}` is in [[Song of Solomon 2:11]], where it marks a pivotal transition: "For, lo, the **winter** is past, the rain is over and gone". In this context, **winter** symbolizes a period of waiting, dormancy, or trial that has finally concluded. Its passing is announced as a joyful reality, clearing the way for a season of new life and love, signifying that a difficult time has come to a definitive end.
### Related Words & Concepts
The surrounding words in its only verse highlight the theme of transition and renewal:
* `{{H5674}}` **ʻâbar** (past): A primitive root meaning to cross over or pass away. Its use here confirms that the season of **winter** has not just ended but has been fully traversed and left behind, as when calamities are "overpast" [[Psalms 57:1]].
* `{{H1653}}` **geshem** (rain): This word for **rain** or a **shower** is intrinsically linked with the winter season. The declaration that the **rain** is also over emphasizes the completeness of the seasonal change, moving away from a time of showers to one of flourishing.
* `{{H2498}}` **châlaph** (over): Meaning to pass on or change, this word reinforces the departure of the rain. It also carries a sense of renewal, as seen in its use for those who wait upon the Lord and "renew" their strength [[Isaiah 40:31]].
* `{{H1980}}` **hâlak** (gone): A common verb for to walk or go, its use here provides a sense of finality, indicating the rain has departed on its way.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H5638}}` is drawn entirely from its symbolic role in Song of Solomon.
* **Symbol of a Finished Trial:** As the "dark season," **winter** represents a period of difficulty, obscurity, or spiritual coldness. Its passing becomes a metaphor for deliverance and the end of a trying time.
* **Promise of Renewal:** The conclusion of **winter** is the prerequisite for new life. The verse immediately pivots from what is "past" to what is new, framing `{{H5638}}` as the symbol of a concluded hardship that gives way to promised blessing and restoration.
* **A Marker of Divine Timing:** The declaration in [[Song of Solomon 2:11]] is an announcement that the appointed time has come. The passing of **winter** is not accidental but a definitive shift, signaling a change in spiritual seasons orchestrated by a divine hand.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{H5638}}` **çᵉthâv** is one of the rarest words in the biblical text, its singular use is powerful. It functions as more than a simple descriptor for a season. It serves as a potent symbol for a period of darkness and trial that has passed, making way for renewal, joy, and new life. Its context in [[Song of Solomon 2:11]] ensures that this word for **winter** is forever associated with the promise of a new beginning.
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