The Hebrew word çibbâh, represented by H5438, means cause or a (providential) turn (of affairs). It is an exceedingly rare term, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. Its singular appearance marks a pivotal moment where divine purpose is explicitly stated as the reason for a major event.
The sole use of H5438 is found in 1 Kings 12:15, where the king's refusal to listen to the people is explained. The scripture states, "for the cause was from the LORD." This event was not a random political failure but a deliberate, providential act by God H3068. The purpose of this divine cause was to "perform" H6965 a "saying" H1697 that the Lord had previously "spake" H1696, demonstrating that God was orchestrating the circumstances to fulfill His own declared word.
The meaning of H5438 is illuminated by the words used alongside it in its only context:
- H3068 Yᵉhôvâh (Jehovah, the Lord): This identifies the source of the "cause." The "turn of affairs" is not from human will or chance but originates from the Lord Himself, the self-Existent or Eternal God 1 Kings 12:15.
- H1697 dâbâr (a word; a matter): This is what the "cause" serves to accomplish. God's providential action was initiated to bring His spoken word or "saying" to pass, showing that His declarations are active and purposeful 1 Kings 12:15.
- H6965 qûwm (to rise, perform, establish): This describes the result of the "cause." The events were set in motion so that God's word would be performed or made to stand, confirming its certainty 1 Kings 12:15. As stated elsewhere, what God has spoken, He will "make it good" Numbers 23:19.
The theological significance of H5438 is profound, despite its single use. It establishes a clear principle of God's work in the world.
- Divine Sovereignty: The term demonstrates that God is the ultimate cause behind historical events. He can orchestrate even the negative actions of a human king H4428 to accomplish His divine plan, showing that His counsel will "stand" Proverbs 19:21.
- Fulfillment of God's Word: The "cause" is directly tied to ensuring God's "saying" H1697 is brought to pass. It underscores the biblical theme that God's spoken word is certain and will be performed H6965, as He is not a man that He should lie Numbers 23:19.
- Providential Action: H5438 defines a specific moment as a "providential turn of affairs," explicitly linking a human decision—the king not hearkening H8085 to the people H5971—to the direct and purposeful will of God H3068.
In summary, H5438 provides a powerful and concise theological statement in its single biblical appearance. While rare, the word çibbâh is not insignificant. It defines a critical event not as a political miscalculation but as a cause originating directly from the Lord H3068. It serves as a stark reminder of God's sovereignty, showing how He orchestrates history to ensure His spoken word is performed and His purposes are established.
TRV