### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Aramaic word **Nᵉthîyn**, represented by `{{H5412}}`, refers to **the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty)**. This term appears only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the Bible. Its definition points to a specific class of individuals who were designated for service related to the Temple.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole biblical occurrence of `{{H5412}}` is in a royal decree by King Artaxerxes. In this decree, the king certifies that it is unlawful to impose "toll, tribute, or custom" upon any of the personnel associated with the house of God. The **Nethinims** are explicitly named in this protected group, alongside priests, Levites, singers, porters, and ministers, establishing their recognized status as workers dedicated to the Temple [[Ezra 7:24]].
### Related Words & Concepts
The word is situated among other terms for Temple personnel, clarifying its role within a broader system of worship and service:
* `{{H3549}}` **kâhên** (priest): This Aramaic word for **one officiating, a priest** identifies the primary religious leaders who were also protected by the decree [[Ezra 7:24]].
* `{{H3879}}` **Lêvîy** (Levite): This term for a **Levite** is used to describe those who, along with the priests, were set in their courses for the service of God [[Ezra 6:18]] and were also exempt from taxes [[Ezra 7:24]].
* `{{H2171}}` **zammâr** (singer): Defined as **an instrumental musician; singer**, this role is listed directly with the Nethinims as a protected class of Temple worker [[Ezra 7:24]].
* `{{H8652}}` **târâʻ** (porter): Meaning a **doorkeeper**, this word identifies another specific function within the Temple staff granted tax exemption [[Ezra 7:24]].
* `{{H6399}}` **pᵉlach** (minister): This word, used for **ministers** in [[Ezra 7:24]], carries the broader meaning **to serve or worship**, as seen in the descriptions of serving God [[Daniel 3:17]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H5412}}` is derived from its specific context and associations.
* **Official Recognition of Service:** The inclusion of **Nethinims** in a legal decree by a gentile king highlights that their service to the house of God was considered a vital and officially protected function [[Ezra 7:24]].
* **A Community of Worship:** The term is never mentioned in isolation. It appears within a list that includes priests, Levites, singers, porters, and ministers, underscoring that the **Nethinims** were an integral part of the larger community dedicated to Temple worship.
* **Dedicated Status:** The definition, "Temple-servants (as given to that duty)," implies a permanent and consecrated role. They were set apart for a specific purpose, contributing to the function of the house of God.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5412}}` provides a specific designation for a class of **Temple-servants**. Though mentioned only once, its appearance in [[Ezra 7:24]] firmly establishes the **Nethinims** as a recognized and protected group whose duties were essential to the operations of the house of God. The term illustrates a defined role within the hierarchy of religious service, showing that even specialized support functions were valued and set apart.
TRV