The Hebrew word nâshath, represented by H5405, is a primitive root meaning to fail or dry up. It appears just 3 times in 3 unique verses, often depicting a state of elimination or cessation, whether of resources, strength, or life.
In its biblical usage, H5405 describes a critical cessation or failure. It is used to illustrate the consequences of judgment or severe hardship. In Isaiah, it depicts the physical drying up of waters from the sea Isaiah 19:5 and the failure of the human tongue from extreme thirst when the poor and needy seek water Isaiah 41:17. In Jeremiah, the word conveys a loss of morale and power, where the might of Babylon's warriors failed, causing them to become as women Jeremiah 51:30.
Several related words expand upon the concepts of failure, desolation, and weakness:
- H3001 yâbêsh (to dry up): This word is used in parallel with H5405 to describe the drying up of a river, emphasizing the complete desiccation of a water source Isaiah 19:5.
- H2717 chârab (to parch... desolate, destroy): Also appearing alongside H5405, this term signifies desolation through drought and is used to describe how a river shall be wasted Isaiah 19:5.
- H1369 gᵉbûwrâh (might, power, strength): This word represents the force and valor that can be subject to failure. In Jeremiah, it is the "might" of the mighty men of Babylon that failed H5405, leading to their defeat Jeremiah 51:30.
The theological weight of H5405 is significant, highlighting themes of judgment and dependence.
- Consequence of Judgment: The failure described by H5405 can be a direct result of divine judgment. In Jeremiah, the loss of Babylon's might is a fulfillment of prophecy against the nation's mighty men Jeremiah 51:30.
- Human Helplessness: The word underscores ultimate human vulnerability. The tongue that faileth for thirst illustrates a point of desperation where only divine intervention can save, as God promises to hear the poor and needy and not forsake them Isaiah 41:17.
- Elimination of Earthly Resources: H5405 is used to show that natural resources are not absolute. It describes the catastrophic event of waters failing from the sea and a river being wasted and dried up Isaiah 19:5.
In summary, H5405 nâshath encapsulates a state of complete failure and elimination. Though used sparingly, it powerfully conveys the drying up of essential resources like water, the collapse of human strength in the face of divine will, and the desperate state of those in need. It serves as a stark reminder of both divine judgment and the absolute dependence of creation upon God for sustenance and strength.
TRV