from an unused root meaning properly, to filtrate, i.e. be limpid (comp נִמְרָה and נִמְרִים); and thus to spot or stain as if by dripping; a leopard (from its stripes); leopard.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **nâmêr**, represented by `{{H5246}}`, refers to the **leopard**. Its definition suggests a connection to its spots, as if stained by dripping. It appears **6 times** across **6 unique verses**, where it serves as a potent symbol of speed, watchfulness, and predatory power.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In biblical usage, `{{H5246}}` carries several distinct connotations. It is used as a metaphor for an unchangeable, evil nature, with the prophet asking if a **leopard** can change its spots [[Jeremiah 13:23]]. In contexts of judgment, it is an instrument of divine wrath, a **leopard** that will watch over cities to tear in pieces those who exit [[Jeremiah 5:6]] and a creature whose speed is a benchmark for invading armies [[Habakkuk 1:8]]. God Himself is likened to a **leopard** observing the people [[Hosea 13:7]]. In contrast, it also appears in its natural, wild habitat in the "mountains of the leopards" [[Song of Solomon 4:8]] and, most notably, as a sign of future peace when the **leopard** shall lie down with the kid [[Isaiah 11:6]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the leopard's role as both a predator and a figure in prophecy:
* `{{H2061}}` **zᵉʼêb** (wolf): This predator is often mentioned alongside the leopard. The **wolf** is an instrument of judgment [[Jeremiah 5:6]], a symbol of fierceness [[Habakkuk 1:8]], and, like the leopard, a participant in the future peaceful kingdom [[Isaiah 11:6]].
* `{{H738}}` **ʼărîy** (lion): As another primary predator, the **lion** appears with the leopard as an agent of destruction against sinful cities [[Jeremiah 5:6]] and as a fellow inhabitant of dangerous, wild mountains [[Song of Solomon 4:8]].
* `{{H8245}}` **shâqad** (watch for): This verb, meaning to be alert or on the lookout, is used to describe the leopard's predatory patience. In a prophecy of judgment, a leopard will **watch** over the cities of Israel because of their transgressions [[Jeremiah 5:6]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H5246}}` is demonstrated through its use in several key themes:
* **Instrument of Divine Judgment:** The leopard is depicted as an agent of God's wrath, watching over cities marked for destruction due to their many transgressions [[Jeremiah 5:6]]. God himself takes on the characteristics of a leopard observing by the way [[Hosea 13:7]].
* **Symbol of Inherent Nature:** The leopard's permanent spots serve as a powerful biblical metaphor for an ingrained character. The question "Can the...leopard his spots?" illustrates the difficulty for those accustomed to do evil to learn to do good [[Jeremiah 13:23]].
* **Embodiment of Fierceness and Speed:** In military contexts, the leopard is the standard for swift, predatory power. The horses of a conquering army are described as "swifter than the leopards" [[Habakkuk 1:8]], highlighting their terrifying efficiency.
* **Figure in Eschatological Peace:** In a dramatic reversal of its natural role, the leopard becomes a symbol of messianic peace. Its future state of lying down with the kid represents a restored creation where the predator and prey dwell together safely [[Isaiah 11:6]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5246}}` is a term carrying significant symbolic weight. While it appears only a few times, it is used to represent the pinnacle of predatory speed and watchfulness, serving as a metaphor for invading armies and even for God's judgment. Its distinct spots provide a powerful illustration for an unchangeable nature. Yet, in a striking contrast, it is also a key figure in the prophetic vision of a restored world, where its violent nature is pacified. The leopard thus serves as a versatile and potent symbol in Scripture, embodying themes of judgment, inherent character, and ultimate redemption.
TRV