the same as מֶלְקָח; number; Mispar, an Israelite; Mizpar. Compare מִסְפֶּרֶת.
Transliteration:Miçpâr
Pronunciation:mis-pawr'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word H4558 (מִסְפָּר, *Miçpâr*) functions primarily as a proper noun, designating an individual. Its root is `{{H5608}}` (סָפַר, *sapar*), meaning "to count, number, recount, tell." From this root, the common noun `{{H4557}}` (מִסְפָּר, *mispar*) is derived, meaning "number, quantity, sum." Therefore, the name *Miçpâr* itself carries the semantic weight of "numbering" or "counted," suggesting one who is part of a census or a specific enumeration. While the Strong's definition mentions "the same as מֶלְקָח" (`{{H4457}}`), this appears to be a lexicographical anomaly or a reference to a different, unrelated word. The core meaning for H4558 as a proper noun is firmly rooted in the concept of "number."
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
H4558 occurs twice in the Old Testament, specifically within the lists of those who returned from the Babylonian exile with Zerubbabel.
* In [[Ezra 2:2]], Mispar is listed among the prominent leaders who accompanied Zerubbabel and Jeshua in the initial return to Judah: "who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:" This verse establishes Mispar's position as a significant figure within the leadership of the post-exilic community.
* A parallel list is found in [[Nehemiah 7:7]], where the name appears as Mispereth (`{{H4559}}`): "who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:" The slight variation in spelling (מִסְפֶּרֶת, *Mispereth*) suggests either a scribal variant, a different vocalization, or possibly a related individual. However, given the identical context and surrounding names, it is widely understood to refer to the same person or closely related family line. These lists are crucial historical records, documenting the faithful remnant who undertook the arduous task of rebuilding Jerusalem and re-establishing the covenant community.
### Related Words & Concepts
The primary related word is the verbal root `{{H5608}}` (סָפַר, *sapar*), from which the name *Miçpâr* is derived. This root's meaning of "to count, to number, to recount, to tell" is foundational to understanding the name. Closely associated is the common noun `{{H4557}}` (מִסְפָּר, *mispar*), meaning "number" or "quantity," which directly reflects the semantic content of the proper noun. The variant spelling found in Nehemiah, `{{H4559}}` (מִסְפֶּרֶת, *Mispereth*), further underscores the connection. The concept of "numbering" in the Bible often carries theological weight, particularly in relation to censuses (e.g., the Book of Numbers), which signify God's ordering of His people, His knowledge of them, and their readiness for divine purposes. Thus, Mispar's name subtly connects to themes of divine census, divine knowledge, and the careful preservation of a chosen people.
### Theological Significance
The inclusion of Mispar in the lists of returning exiles carries significant theological weight. As one of the named leaders, he represents the faithful remnant—those whom God preserved through the Babylonian captivity and brought back to the land to fulfill His covenant promises. The very name *Miçpâr* ("number" or "counted") can be seen as a subtle theological statement: God knows His people by name; they are "numbered" among His elect. This aligns with the broader biblical theme of God's meticulous providence and His sovereign control over history, ensuring the continuation of His covenant line despite exile and dispersion. Mispar's presence among the leaders signifies the divine orchestration of the restoration, where specific individuals were called and empowered to rebuild the temple, the city, and the spiritual life of Israel. He is a testament to God's faithfulness in gathering His scattered sheep and re-establishing His presence among them.
### Summary
H4558 (מִסְפָּר, *Miçpâr*) is a proper noun, a name derived from the Hebrew root `{{H5608}}` meaning "to count" or "to number." It signifies one who is "counted" or "numbered." This individual is listed in [[Ezra 2:2]] and [[Nehemiah 7:7]] (as `{{H4559}}` Mispereth) as a key leader among those who returned from Babylonian exile with Zerubbabel. The name and its context underscore the theological concepts of God's faithful remnant, His divine providence in preserving and restoring His people, and the importance of leadership in the re-establishment of the covenant community in Judah. Mispar's inclusion in these vital historical records highlights God's meticulous care and knowledge of those who are His, even through periods of judgment and dispersion.
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