### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **mêmad**, represented by `{{H4461}}`, means **a measure**. It is a rare term, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the Bible. Its singular use occurs in a profound moment of divine speech, where it signifies the foundational and deliberate standards established by God during the creation of the world.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole biblical appearance of `{{H4461}}` is in God's response to Job. From the whirlwind, God challenges Job's limited understanding of creation by asking, "Who hath laid the **measures** thereof, if thou knowest? or who hath stretched the line upon it?" [[Job 38:5]]. In this context, **mêmad** refers to the fundamental dimensions of the earth, established by God alone. The word is used here to emphasize the vast, unsearchable wisdom and power of the Creator, which far surpasses human comprehension.
### Related Words & Concepts
The context of `{{H4461}}` in [[Job 38:5]] connects it to several key words that illustrate God's creative process:
* `{{H7760}}` **sûwm**: This primitive root means **to put** or appoint. In the verse, God asks who "laid" or **put** the measures in place, highlighting the deliberate and authoritative act of establishing the world's dimensions.
* `{{H3045}}` **yâdaʻ**: Meaning **to know**, this word is used when God asks Job if he **knows** who set the earth's measures. This ties the concept of divine measure to divine knowledge, a wisdom that is beyond human grasp [[Jeremiah 33:3]].
* `{{H5186}}` **nâṭâh**: This word means **to stretch or spread out**. It describes the action of applying a measurement, as when God asks who "hath **stretched** the line" [[Job 38:5]]. This same word is used to describe God stretching out the heavens [[Isaiah 42:5]] and His arm of power [[Jeremiah 27:5]].
* `{{H6957}}` **qav**: This word for a **line** or cord is the tool used for measurement. It works in tandem with **mêmad** (measure), with the **line** being the instrument used to enact the divine standard. This tool is later used as a metaphor for God's judgment [[Isaiah 28:17]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4461}}` is derived entirely from its singular, powerful context in the book of Job.
* **Sovereign Creative Authority:** The term's use in God's speech establishes that creation is not a random event but a precisely ordered act. God alone sets the **measure**, defining the boundaries and foundations of the physical world [[Job 38:5]].
* **The Unknowable Mind of God:** By questioning if Job **knows** `{{H3045}}` the earth's **measures**, God uses the concept to illustrate the profound limits of human understanding when compared to divine wisdom. The standards of creation are known only to Him.
* **Foundation of Divine Order:** The act of laying a **measure** `{{H4461}}` and stretching a **line** `{{H6957}}` signifies the establishment of a fixed, reliable order. This physical standard for the earth hints at the spiritual and moral standards God also establishes, such as when He lays judgment to the line [[Isaiah 28:17]].
### Summary
In summary, while **mêmad** `{{H4461}}` is exceptionally rare, its single appearance in scripture is deeply significant. It is more than a simple term for a physical **measure**; it represents the divine blueprint for creation. Used by God in His address to Job, it serves as a powerful symbol of the Creator's absolute authority, the profound depth of His wisdom, and the foundational order upon which the universe is built. It teaches that the world operates according to standards set by a sovereign God, standards that humanity can observe but never fully comprehend.
TRV