The Hebrew word makkâr, represented by H4378, refers to an acquaintance. This specific term appears only 2 times in 2 unique verses, both of which are found in the same biblical narrative. Its base definition is from נָכַר and signifies a person who is known to someone, a member of one's social or community circle.
The use of H4378 is confined to the account of King Jehoash's efforts to repair the temple. Initially, the king commanded the priests to collect funds for the project, instructing each man to take H3947 it from "his acquaintance" 2 Kings 12:5. When the priests failed to carry out the repairs, King Jehoash altered the plan, ordering them to "receive no more money H3701 of your acquaintance," and to instead deliver the funds for the breaches H919 of the house 2 Kings 12:7. In this context, the word designates the personal network from which priests were to solicit contributions.
Several related words clarify the context in which makkâr is used:
- H3548 kôhên (priest): This refers to the officials who were initially tasked with collecting money from their personal contacts. The narrative centers on King Jehoash's instructions to Jehoiada the priest and the other priests 2 Kings 12:7.
- H3701 keçeph (money, silver): This is the resource being gathered. The directive was specifically about receiving money to fund the restoration of the temple 2 Kings 12:7.
- H919 bedeq (breach): This term specifies the problem that needed solving. The funds collected from each acquaintance were designated for repairing the breaches of the house of the Lord 2 Kings 12:5.
The specific usage of H4378 provides insight into administrative and community responsibilities.
- Community-Based Funding: The word illustrates a method of funding where religious leaders, the priests H3548, were expected to draw upon their relationships with their acquaintance to support the temple's upkeep 2 Kings 12:5.
- Stewardship and Accountability: The narrative demonstrates a shift in fiscal policy. When the initial plan failed, the king intervened, ordering the priests to no longer receive H3947 money from their acquaintance but to deliver H5414 it directly, highlighting a need for oversight 2 Kings 12:7.
- Practical Administration: The term is rooted in a practical, administrative context rather than a theological one. It shows the real-world logistics involved in maintaining the central place of worship in ancient Israel.
In summary, H4378 is a highly specific term for an acquaintance, used exclusively within the story of temple fundraising in 2 Kings. While not a broad theological concept, it is a practical word that illuminates the financial administration and community involvement required for the temple's maintenance during King Jehoash's reign. Its usage reveals a system of giving based on personal relationships and the importance of accountability in managing resources dedicated to the house of the Lord.
TRV