### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **makkâr**, represented by `{{H4378}}`, refers to an **acquaintance**. This specific term appears only **2 times** in **2 unique verses**, both of which are found in the same biblical narrative. Its base definition is from נָכַר and signifies a person who is known to someone, a member of one's social or community circle.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The use of `{{H4378}}` is confined to the account of King Jehoash's efforts to repair the temple. Initially, the king commanded the priests to collect funds for the project, instructing each man to **take** `{{H3947}}` it from "his **acquaintance**" [[2 Kings 12:5]]. When the priests failed to carry out the repairs, King Jehoash altered the plan, ordering them to "receive no more **money** `{{H3701}}` of your **acquaintance**," and to instead deliver the funds for the **breaches** `{{H919}}` of the house [[2 Kings 12:7]]. In this context, the word designates the personal network from which priests were to solicit contributions.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the context in which **makkâr** is used:
* `{{H3548}}` **kôhên** (priest): This refers to the officials who were initially tasked with collecting money from their personal contacts. The narrative centers on King Jehoash's instructions to Jehoiada the **priest** and the other priests [[2 Kings 12:7]].
* `{{H3701}}` **keçeph** (money, silver): This is the resource being gathered. The directive was specifically about receiving **money** to fund the restoration of the temple [[2 Kings 12:7]].
* `{{H919}}` **bedeq** (breach): This term specifies the problem that needed solving. The funds collected from each **acquaintance** were designated for repairing the **breaches** of the house of the Lord [[2 Kings 12:5]].
### Theological Significance
The specific usage of `{{H4378}}` provides insight into administrative and community responsibilities.
* **Community-Based Funding:** The word illustrates a method of funding where religious leaders, the **priests** `{{H3548}}`, were expected to draw upon their relationships with their **acquaintance** to support the temple's upkeep [[2 Kings 12:5]].
* **Stewardship and Accountability:** The narrative demonstrates a shift in fiscal policy. When the initial plan failed, the king intervened, ordering the priests to no longer **receive** `{{H3947}}` money from their **acquaintance** but to **deliver** `{{H5414}}` it directly, highlighting a need for oversight [[2 Kings 12:7]].
* **Practical Administration:** The term is rooted in a practical, administrative context rather than a theological one. It shows the real-world logistics involved in maintaining the central place of worship in ancient Israel.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4378}}` is a highly specific term for an **acquaintance**, used exclusively within the story of temple fundraising in 2 Kings. While not a broad theological concept, it is a practical word that illuminates the financial administration and community involvement required for the temple's maintenance during King Jehoash's reign. Its usage reveals a system of giving based on personal relationships and the importance of accountability in managing resources dedicated to the house of the Lord.
TRV